Pathobiology of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Smith, Lincoln

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-21840-9_3

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 176 publications

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“…An additional advantage of APRV is that it allows spontaneous breathing to occur throughout the machine-generated respiratory cycle. 68 Spontaneous ventilation has certain obvious advantages. There is better airflow distribution, including to the dependent areas with diaphragmatic contraction which improves basal pulmonary blood flow and V / Q matching.…”

Section: Airway Pressure Release Ventilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques for Oxygenation and Ventilation in Coronavirus Disease 2019

Richards

Smith

2023

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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This paper discusses mechanisms of hypoxemia and interventions to oxygenate critically ill patients with COVID-19 which range from nasal cannula to noninvasive and mechanical ventilation. Noninvasive ventilation includes continuous positive airway pressure ventilation (CPAP) and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) with or without proning. The evidence for each of these modalities is discussed and thereafter, when to transition to mechanical ventilation (MV). Various techniques of MV, again with and without proning, and rescue strategies which would include extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) when it is available and permissive hypoxemia where it is not, are discussed.

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Section: Airway Pressure Release Ventilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques for Oxygenation and Ventilation in Coronavirus Disease 2019

Richards

Smith

2023

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Pulmonary delivery of siRNA against acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome

Zoulikha

Xiao

Boafo

et al. 2022

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B

154

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The use of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has been under investigation for the treatment of several unmet medical needs, including acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) wherein siRNA may be implemented to modify the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines at the mRNA level. The clear anatomy, accessibility, and relatively low enzyme activity make the lung a good target for local siRNA therapy. However, the clinical translation of siRNA is hampered by the inefficient delivery of siRNA therapeutics to the target cells due to the properties of naked siRNA. Thus, this review will focus on the various delivery systems that can be used and the different barriers that need to be surmounted for the development of stable inhalable siRNA formulations for human use before siRNA therapeutics for ALI/ARDS become available in the clinic.

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The role of hyaluronan synthesis and degradation in the critical respiratory illness COVID-19

Albtoush

Petrey

2022

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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Hyaluronan (HA), a massive extracellular matrix (ECM) component, has a central regulatory role in inflammation. In fact, HA matrices (mass length and distribution) are increasingly considered as a barometer of inflammation. Moreover, inflamed airways are remarkably rich with hyaluronan matrices and are been associated with various inflammatory diseases including cystic fibrosis, influenza, sepsis, and more recently COVID-19. COVID-19 is a worldwide pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. People infected with the virus reported a wide range of disease manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic to severe illness. Critically ill COVID-19 patient cases are frequently complicated by development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which typically leads to poor outcomes with high mortality rate. In general, ARDS is characterized by poor oxygenation accompanied with severe lung inflammation and damage, and has been suggested to be linked to an accumulate of HA within the airways. Here, we provide a succinct overview of known inflammatory mechanisms regulated by HA in general, and those both observed and postulated in critically ill patients with COVID-19.

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Pathobiology of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Cited by 4 publications

References 176 publications

Techniques for Oxygenation and Ventilation in Coronavirus Disease 2019

Techniques for Oxygenation and Ventilation in Coronavirus Disease 2019

Pulmonary delivery of siRNA against acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome

The role of hyaluronan synthesis and degradation in the critical respiratory illness COVID-19

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