Pathoecology of Chiribaya parasitism

Possible influence of the ENSO phenomenon on the pathoecology of diphyllobothriasis and anisakiasis in ancient Chinchorro populations

“…The chronological age of these findings is in synchrony with the El Niño events reported for Quebrada Los Burros (Fontugne et al 1999). D. pacificum infection was also found to be endemic in later coastal and inland Chiribaya populations of the Moquegua River valley in Southern Peru (Martinson et al 2003). Diphyllobothrium sp.…”

A 9,000-year record of Chagas' disease

“…Because the region was and is devoid of rainfall, simple dwellings were created principally to provide shelter from wind and sun, buffer the cool air of winter nights, store personal belongings, and allow privacy. These needs were easily supplied by the conical dwellings of the early Chinchorros (29), the cane-walled houses of the subsequent Alto Ramirez people, the Tihuanaco-related Cabuza group (30,31), and even the more structured dwellings of the Chiribaya and later groups (32).…”

Food, parasites, and epidemiological transitions: A broad perspective

“…Pathoecology, as defined by Martinson et al (2003), is the study of parasitism in context of culture and environment. In a paleopathological sense, the evolution of Homo was an entirely new adaptive process.…”