Pathogen removal in high-rate algae pond: state of the art and opportunities

Chambonnière, Paul; Bronlund, John E.; Guieysse, Benoı̂t

doi:10.1007/s10811-020-02354-3

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The present study targets the most common waterborne pathogens (i.e., adenovirus, Cryptosporidium, and Giardia intestinalis) in Egypt (Figure 7) and parasitic nematodes (Figure S2) according to the Egyptian standard for treated wastewater reuse. Indeed, no truly universal indicators can represent pathogens [27]. Thus, a decrease in the number of indicators is not necessarily associated with the removal of different pathogens (e.g., viruses or protozoa) [27,64].…”

Section: Pathogens Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, no truly universal indicators can represent pathogens [27]. Thus, a decrease in the number of indicators is not necessarily associated with the removal of different pathogens (e.g., viruses or protozoa) [27,64].…”

Section: Pathogens Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Settling is generally accepted to be the main removal mechanism for protozoa and helminths [68,69]. Other factors, such as predation, sunlight, pH, and NH 4 -N toxicity act as the main contributors to FIB and parasites removal [27]. One mechanism that has been established for the removal of viruses from wastewater is the adsorption to solids and their subsequent removal via sedimentation or filtration [70,71].…”

Section: Pathogens Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these studies were conducted on a pilot-scale and/or lacked sufficient data for deep analysis. Future studies to understand the mechanisms underlying the removal of pathogens and indicators in HRAP systems are required [27]. Additionally, large-scale studies to evaluate the removal of a wide range of pathogens via HRAPs are also needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the indicators cannot predict the presence of a wide range of pathogens [32]. In addition, the efficiency of pathogen removal (i.e., viruses, protozoa, and parasitic helminths) in HRAPs is not well studied yet [27]. Therefore, this study aims to fill the gap of knowledge about the efficiency of the integrated system with HRAP as the core stage for the removal of pathogens and microbiological indicators in wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogens Removal in a Sustainable and Economic High-Rate Algal Pond Wastewater Treatment System

et al. 2021

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This study evaluates the efficiency of a sustainable technology represented in an integrated pilot-scale system, which includes a facultative pond (FP), a high-rate algal pond (HRAP), and a rock filter (RF) for wastewater treatment to produce water that complies with the Egyptian standards for treated wastewater reuse. Still, limited data are available on pathogen removal through HRAP systems. Thus, in this study, the performance of the integrated system was investigated for the removal of Escherichia coli (E. coli), coliform bacteria, eukaryotic pathogens (Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia intestinalis, and helminth ova), somatic coliphages (SOMCPH), and human adenovirus (HAdV). Furthermore, physicochemical parameters were determined in order to evaluate the performance of the integrated system. The principal component analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis showed a strong significant effect of the integrated system on changing the physicochemical and microbial parameters from inlet to outlet. The mean log10 removal values for total coliform, fecal coliform, and E. coli were 5.67, 5.62, and 5.69, respectively, while 0.88 log10 and 1.65 log10 reductions were observed for HAdV and SOMCPH, respectively. The mean removal of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia intestinalis was 0.52 and 2.42 log10, respectively. The integrated system achieved 100% removal of helminth ova. The results demonstrated that the system was able to improve the chemical and microbial characteristics of the outlet to acceptable levels for non-food crops irrigation. Such findings together with low operation and construction costs of HRAPs should facilitate wider implementation of these nature-based systems in remote and rural communities. Overall, this study provides a novel insight into the performance of such systems to eliminate multiple microbial pathogens from wastewater.

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Section: Pathogens Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogens Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogens Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogens Removal in a Sustainable and Economic High-Rate Algal Pond Wastewater Treatment System

et al. 2021

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Algal-Bacterial Consortiums, from Fundamental Interactions to Environmental Applications

Crespo

Álvaro

Palomar

et al. 2023

Environmental Challenges and Solutions

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Modelling Escherichia coli removal during domestic wastewater treatment in outdoor pilot scale High Rate Algal Ponds

2023

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While there is growing evidence that High Rate Algal Ponds (HRAPS) can support disinfection during wastewater treatment, the mechanisms of pathogen removal involved remain unclear. Based on previous findings, the present study aimed at verifying the occurrence and significance of dark decay, alkaline-pH toxicity, and sunlight direct damage in conditions representative of ‘real’ HRAP operation. For this purpose, Escherichia coli cell count was monitored hourly during 24 h periods in outdoor pilot HRAPs fed domestic wastewater. The data generated was used to create 2 distinct data sets that were then used to calibrate and validate a model of E. coli removal in HRAP. By modelling the contribution of the three mechanisms considered, E. coli removal in HRAPs could be predicted with a mean relative absolute error of 5.34% (N = 46). The model was then inputted yearly environmental data obtained from the continuous operations of the pilot scale HRAPs to evaluate the yearlong contributions from each mechanism to overall E. coli removal. Dark decay was thus predicted to support the highest yearlong mean contribution (78.6 – 91.0% of total E. coli decay, at the 95% confidence level) followed by sunlight mediated disinfection (6.01 – 17.8%) and pH toxicity (0.22 – 6.2%). Significant seasonal and daily fluctuations of decay mechanism contributions were evidenced in this study.

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Pathogen removal in high-rate algae pond: state of the art and opportunities

Cited by 21 publications

References 77 publications

Pathogens Removal in a Sustainable and Economic High-Rate Algal Pond Wastewater Treatment System

Pathogens Removal in a Sustainable and Economic High-Rate Algal Pond Wastewater Treatment System

Algal-Bacterial Consortiums, from Fundamental Interactions to Environmental Applications

Modelling Escherichia coli removal during domestic wastewater treatment in outdoor pilot scale High Rate Algal Ponds

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