Pathogenesis and immune response in Brucella infection acquired by the respiratory route

Ferrero, Mariana C.; Paiva, Iván M. Alonso; González, Florencia Muñoz; Baldi, Pablo C.

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2020.06.001

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(154 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…remains the most common approach to study the kinetics of Brucella spp, infection in mice, numerous studies in recent years have characterized the course of infection by smooth Brucella spp. in this model using the more natural mucosal route, including oral, intranasal, intratracheal, and whole-body aerosol inoculation ( 22 , 34 – 38 ). However, B. canis infection has not been examined in mice following mucosal inoculation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brucellosis in both humans and animals is most frequently acquired via oral or respiratory exposure and there is compelling evidence that the immune response required to defend against pathogens invading across mucosal surfaces differs from that required against parenteral infection ( 19 – 21 ). While several studies have evaluated the protective immune response against mucosal infection by smooth Brucella spp., this area remains completely unexplored for B. canis , representing a significant impediment towards vaccine development ( 22 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Primary and memory immune responses against rough Brucella canis are less robust compared to smooth B. abortus and B. melitensis following intratracheal infection in mice

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Brucella canis is the cause of canine brucellosis, a globally distributed, zoonotic pathogen which primarily causes disease in dogs. B. canis is unique amongst the zoonotic Brucella spp. with its rough lipopolysaccharide, a trait typically associated with attenuation in gram-negative bacteria. Unfortunately, no vaccine is available against B. canis, and vaccine development is hampered by a limited understanding of the immune response required to combat it and the course of infection following a physiologically relevant, mucosal route of inoculation. To address these concerns and analyze the impact of the rough phenotype on the immune response, we infected mice intratracheally with rough B. canis or smooth B. melitensis or B. abortus. Bacterial colonization and histologic lesions were assessed in systemic target organs as well as locally in the lungs and draining mediastinal lymph node. Mice were also reinfected with Brucella following antibiotic treatment and cytokine production by T lymphocytes in the lung and spleen was assessed by flow cytometry to investigate the memory immune response. Despite its rough phenotype, B. canis established a persistent infection at the same level of colonization as the smooth strains. However, B. canis induced significantly less granulomatous inflammation in the spleen as well as a lack of bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) hyperplasia in the lungs. These differences coincided with increased IL-10 and decreased IFN-γ in the spleen of B. canis-infected mice. Previous exposure to all Brucella strains provided protection against colonization following secondary challenge, although induction of IFN-γ by T lymphocytes was seen only in the lungs during B. canis infection while the smooth strains induced this cytokine in the spleen as well. Neither Brucella strain induced significant polyfunctional T lymphocytes, a potential immunomodulatory mechanism that appears to be independent of lipopolysaccharide phenotype.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary and memory immune responses against rough Brucella canis are less robust compared to smooth B. abortus and B. melitensis following intratracheal infection in mice

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…If laboratory technicians do not take proper precautions when performing bacterial culture operations, they may become infected with Brucella through damaged skin or respiratory tracts [ 19 , 20 ]. Microbiology laboratories must take necessary safety measures to provide triple protection to laboratory technicians, the experimental environment, and the experimental samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The living bacteria isolation, culture centrifugation, and freezing of Brucella should be performed in Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) facility [ 22 ]. It is straightforward for the Brucella to infect the respiratory system and mucosal system by aerosols; therefore, dangerous methods such as sniffing out the smell of bacteria that can cause brucellosis should be abandoned when dealing with suspicious cultures [ 19 , 20 , 23 ]. Brucella should be inspected by personnel wearing masks, and the procedure should be conducted within a biosafety cabinet to avoid the production of aerosols from strain isolation and culture operations [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early diagnosis and treatment of acute brucellosis knee arthritis complicated by acute osteomyelitis: two cases report

Wang

Zhang

2022

BMC Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Brucellosis is an endemic systemic infectious disease, the most common complication is bone and joint involvement. Sacroiliac joint and spinal joint are the most frequently involved sites in adults, but knee joint infection is rare, and acute infectious knee arthritis complicated by acute osteomyelitis is even extremely uncommon in adults. Here, we report two cases of acute septic knee arthritis complicated by acute osteomyelitis caused by Brucella melitensis (B. melitensis). Case presentation Both patients had a history of traveling in animal husbandry areas within three months. On clinical examination, their right knee joint was tender, swollen, had limited movement and an effusion was present. Imaging examination showed effusion and synovial thickening of the right knee joint, as well as subchondral bone edema of the distal femur and proximal tibia. Laboratory examination showed that the serum agglutination test (SAT) in both patients were positive (1: 640 and 1: 320) without leukocytosis, although the proportion of lymphocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) significantly increased. Both patients underwent knee joint aspiration. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) analysis of synovial fluid showed that there was B. melitensis, and blood bacterial culture was negative. We determined that two patients had acute brucellosis knee arthritis complicated by acute osteomyelitis. Antibiotic treatment was given during hospitalization consisting of doxycycline (0.1 g po bid) and rifampicin (0.6 g po qd) for six weeks, and the changes of inflammatory indexes were closely monitored. At discharge, the symptoms had completely resolved, imaging abnormalities disappeared, and inflammatory indexes returned to normal. There was no recurrence of the disease at 1-year follow-up. Conclusion Acute brucellosis knee arthritis complicated by acute osteomyelitis is a rare but serious complication of brucellosis in adults. There is no obvious specificity of clinical manifestation and imaging examination. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent the occurrence of knee joint deformity and even pathological fracture. Clinicians should fully consider the possibility of brucellosis where the travel or occupational history is suggestive.

show abstract

“…To date, known intracellular signaling cascades in brucellosis have been described in detail in several reviews elsewhere (De Figueiredo et al, 2015;Loṕez-Santiago et al, 2019;Ferrero et al, 2020). Briefly, innate antigen-presenting cells (APCs) activate naïve CD4 + T helper (Th) cells and CD8 + cytotoxic T (Tc) cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Th2 and Th17 Immunity-Related Factors as Indicators of Brucellosis

Gheitasi

Keramat

Khosravi

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveBrucellosis is a common bacterial zoonotic infection, and greater than half a million new cases are diagnosed annually. This study investigates the expression of Th2 and Th17 immunity-related factors (Th2-LCR lncRNA, IL-25, TRAF3IP2, and IL-17RB) in different stages of Brucella infections.Material and MethodsIn total, 99 brucellosis patients were divided into three groups (acute = first infection before treatment, relapse = before treatment, and treated = after treatment for 6–8 weeks with doxycycline and rifampin). Thirty-three healthy volunteers represented the control group. Gene expression levels were assessed by quantitative amplification in reference to the 18S rRNA gene and statistically evaluated.ResultsNo significant differences in the expression of these genes were observed between the control group and patients after completion of antibiotic treatment. Compared to these two groups, only Th2-LCR lncRNA and TRAF3IP2 were significantly more highly expressed in the acute group. Th2-LCR lncRNA was also significantly elevated in the relapse group. TRAF3IP2 expression was additionally significantly increased in the acute group compared to the relapse group.ConclusionIL-25 and IL-17RB failed to differentiate between the infected and noninfected groups. TRAF3IP2 and Th2-LCR lncRNA might be good indicators of brucellosis during the acute phase, but the expression levels varied strongly among patients. To verify the suitability of these factors as an indicator for brucellosis, acute infection or relapse should be investigated in further studies on larger cohorts with well-defined inclusion criteria.

show abstract

Pathogenesis and immune response in Brucella infection acquired by the respiratory route

Cited by 16 publications

References 71 publications

Primary and memory immune responses against rough Brucella canis are less robust compared to smooth B. abortus and B. melitensis following intratracheal infection in mice

Primary and memory immune responses against rough Brucella canis are less robust compared to smooth B. abortus and B. melitensis following intratracheal infection in mice

Early diagnosis and treatment of acute brucellosis knee arthritis complicated by acute osteomyelitis: two cases report

Evaluation of Th2 and Th17 Immunity-Related Factors as Indicators of Brucellosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About