Pathogenesis and Immunobiology of Herpes Simplex Virus in Mouse and Man

Jayasuriya, A; Nash, Anthony

doi:10.3109/07357908509017504

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 70 publications

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“…Experimental infection of guinea pigs is possible, but its significance is limited (14). Mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits can be infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) (species, HHV-1; subfamily, Alphaherpesvirinae) but do not develop all of the facets of human pathology (13,28). Experimental infection of New World monkeys with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (species, HHV-4; subfamily, Gammaherpesvirinae) (10,20) has been reported, but these animals are endangered, rare, and expensive and as such are of limited experimental value.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of Novel Rodent Herpesviruses, Including the First Gammaherpesvirus of Mus musculus

Ehlers

Küchler

Yasmum

et al. 2007

J Virol

105

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Rodent herpesviruses such as murine cytomegalovirus (host, Mus musculus), rat cytomegalovirus (host, Rattus norvegicus), and murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (hosts, Apodemus species) are important tools for the experimental study of human herpesvirus diseases. However, alphaherpesviruses, roseoloviruses, and lymphocryptoviruses, as well as rhadinoviruses, that naturally infect Mus musculus (house mouse) and other Old World mice are unknown. To identify hitherto-unknown rodent-associated herpesviruses, we captured M. musculus, R. norvegicus, and 14 other rodent species in several locations in Germany, the United Kingdom, and Thailand. Samples of trigeminal ganglia, dorsal root ganglia, brains, spleens, and other organs, as well as blood, were analyzed with a degenerate panherpesvirus PCR targeting the DNA polymerase (DPOL) gene. Herpesvirus-positive samples were subjected to a second degenerate PCR targeting the glycoprotein B (gB) gene. The sequences located between the partial DPOL and gB sequences were amplified by long-distance PCR and sequenced, resulting in a contiguous sequence of approximately 3.5 kbp. By DPOL PCR, we detected 17 novel betaherpesviruses and 21 novel gammaherpesviruses but no alphaherpesvirus. Of these 38 novel herpesviruses, 14 were successfully analyzed by the complete bigenic approach. Most importantly, the first gammaherpesvirus of Mus musculus was discovered (Mus musculus rhadinovirus 1 [MmusRHV1]). This virus is a member of a novel group of rodent gammaherpesviruses, which is clearly distinct from murine herpesvirus 68-like rodent gammaherpesviruses. Multigenic phylogenetic analysis, using an 8-kbp locus, revealed that MmusRHV1 diverged from the other gammaherpesviruses soon after the evolutionary separation of EpsteinBarr virus-like lymphocryptoviruses from human herpesvirus 8-like rhadinoviruses and alcelaphine herpesvirus 1-like macaviruses.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Novel Rodent Herpesviruses, Including the First Gammaherpesvirus of Mus musculus

Ehlers

Küchler

Yasmum

et al. 2007

J Virol

105

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Virology and Immunology

Mindel

1989

Herpes Simplex Virus

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Herpes simplex virus type-1 and -2 pathogenesis is restricted by the epidermal basement membrane

Weeks

Ramchandran

Hopkins

et al. 2000

Archives of Virology

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Murine flank scarification with HSV-1 and -2 results in primary lesions at the site of inoculation within three days and lesions at secondary sites within four days. The severity of the infection can be given a numerical value or "score" which is derived from the number and size of these lesions. Using this model, we investigated the role of the epidermal basement membrane in HSV pathogenesis. We exposed murine epidermis to 5 x 10(4) plaque forming units of HSV-1 and -2, which by day 8 produced inoculation site (primary site) disease scores of 27 and 12.4 respectively, and secondary site disease scores of 29 and 30 respectively. In contrast, intradermal injection of HSV below the epidermal basement membrane did not cause disease. To determine if the basement membrane restricts HSV spread in vitro, Vero cells were cultured in the lower well of a dual well system. The upper well was separated from the lower well by a filter coated with the artificial basement membrane, matrigel. Addition of virus to the upper well failed to result in either viral accumulation in the lower well or infection of the cells in the lower well. These data suggest that the basement membrane is a barrier to the passage and spread of HSV.

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Pathogenesis and Immunobiology of Herpes Simplex Virus in Mouse and Man

Cited by 5 publications

References 70 publications

Identification of Novel Rodent Herpesviruses, Including the First Gammaherpesvirus of Mus musculus

Identification of Novel Rodent Herpesviruses, Including the First Gammaherpesvirus of Mus musculus

Virology and Immunology

Herpes simplex virus type-1 and -2 pathogenesis is restricted by the epidermal basement membrane

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