2015
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2015.02.002
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Pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma: From genetics to signalling pathways

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Cited by 36 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…The highest rates of CCA are in South East Asia (Northeast Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos), where >8,000 cases are diagnosed annually due to infection by liver flukes such as Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis (2). CCA is considered relatively rare in Western countries (<6 per 100,000 population) where risk factors such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, hepatolithiasis and choledochal cysts predominate (3). However, the incidence of intrahepatic CCA in the USA appears to be increasing (1).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The highest rates of CCA are in South East Asia (Northeast Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos), where >8,000 cases are diagnosed annually due to infection by liver flukes such as Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis (2). CCA is considered relatively rare in Western countries (<6 per 100,000 population) where risk factors such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, hepatolithiasis and choledochal cysts predominate (3). However, the incidence of intrahepatic CCA in the USA appears to be increasing (1).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, surgery is only possible in a significant minority of patients who present at an early stage and the 5-year survival rate of CCA is only 10% [ 7 ]. Recent molecular biology studies on the pathogenesis of CCA may provide valid treatment strategies and improve the prognosis of CCA [ 8 ]. However, the precise mechanism associated with malignant pathogenesis and progression of CCA remains unclear.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Additional genes have been implicated in BTC carcinogenesis, including STK11 (LKB1), PBRM1 9 % IDH-1/2, 22 %). Loss of heterocygosity, hypermethylation and other features related with inflammation as overexpression of COX-2 have been described in the literature [ 14 ].…”
Section: Biology: Genetic and Molecular Featuresmentioning
confidence: 99%