Pathogenesis of HIV-Associated Lymphoma

Ng, Valerie; McGrath, Michael S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0191-0_23

Immunology of HIV Infection 1996

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-0191-0_23

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Pathogenesis of HIV-Associated Lymphoma

Valerie Ng

Michael S. McGrath

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Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…17 Other HIV-associated malignancies include non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and anal and cervical cancers, especially squamous intraepithelial lesions. 18,19 Of all HIV-associated malignancies, KS appears to affect quality of life most in a variety of ways. Edema associated with the tumors may cause difficulty in ambulation or may impair normal activity; nodular, ulcerated, or plaquelike cutaneous lesions may be painful; bulky oral lesions may interfere with speech or feeding; whereas systemic involvement might compromise respiration.…”

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“…Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) has been identified as the primary cause of Kaposi's sarcoma 24 and has been identified in all forms of Kaposi's sarcoma [25][26][27][28][29][30] ; whereas non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and anogenital cancers have been associated with Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus, respectively. [18][19][20] In Nigeria, there is a dearth of information about the prevalence of KS among HIV-infected patients. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of KS and some associated epidemiologic factors among Nigerian HIV-seropositive patients seen in a designated tertiary HIV-treatment and care center.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Kaposi's Sarcoma Among Adult HIV-Seropositive Patients Seen in a Designated HIV Treatment and Care Center in Abuja, Nigeria

Iregbu

Elegba

2006

Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Kaposi's Sarcoma Among Adult HIV-Seropositive Patients Seen in a Designated HIV Treatment and Care Center in Abuja, Nigeria

Iregbu

Elegba

2006

Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS

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Paraproteinemia, plasmacytoma, myeloma and HIV infection

Fiorino

Atac

1997

Leukemia

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We have identified by MEDLINE search the cases of gammaglobinopathy and plasma cell malignancy in HIV-positive patients reported in the English language literature. The average age at presentation among HIV-positive patients with plasma cell disorders is 33 years, far younger than the average age of presentation in the general population. Some of these patients present with transient paraproteinemias, while others have persistent paraproteins, which may or may not be associated with true plasma cell malignancies. In most cases in which it has been examined, the paraprotein contains high-titer anti-HIV activity. The presence of high-titer anti-HIV activity in the paraproteins of AIDS patients suggests that an antigen-driven process in response to HIV infection may contribute to the early development of plasma cell disorders in these patients. Recent work in plasma cell tumorigenesis has indicated that transformation at a single point in the B lymphocyte lineage can give rise to either lymphoma or myeloma, dependent upon environmental factors such as T cell function, which may be required for directing transformed lymphocytes from lymphoma and towards plasma cell differentiation. This may explain why B lineage oncogenesis in AIDS patients favors the development of lymphoma over that of myeloma.

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The immunology of AIDS‐associated lymphomas

McGrath

1998

Immunological Reviews

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Lymphomas that occur in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are predominantly of B-cell origin and subsets show evidence for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection or chromosomal translocations in the c-myc locus. The only subset of lymphoma clearly related to the immunodeficiency caused by HIV infection (similar to transplantation-associated lymphomas) is the EBV+ primary central nervous system lymphoma. The systemic AIDS-related lymphomas (ARLs) represent a complex set of disease processes histologically categorized as large cell or small non-cleaved (Burkitt's-like) lymphomas. Molecular analyses of the ARLs have demonstrated polyclonal lymphomas as likely early representatives of monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig)-expressing B-cell lymphomas. Variable region analysis of lymphoma-associated Ig has shown evidence for extensive somatic mutation with little evidence for appropriate affinity maturation. These observations suggest that abnormal control of B-cell maturation in response to polyclonal antigenic stimulation may play a central role in the pathogenesis of ARL. The recent finding of clonal HIV integrated within macrophages in a subset of early lymphomas also provides evidence for abnormalities outside the B-cell compartment playing roles in this disease. Overall, ARLs generally appear to be outgrowths of antigen-driven B-cells with significant growth control influence provided by abnormal T-cell and antigen-presenting cell processes.

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Pathogenesis of HIV-Associated Lymphoma

Cited by 3 publications

References 71 publications

Prevalence of Kaposi's Sarcoma Among Adult HIV-Seropositive Patients Seen in a Designated HIV Treatment and Care Center in Abuja, Nigeria

Prevalence of Kaposi's Sarcoma Among Adult HIV-Seropositive Patients Seen in a Designated HIV Treatment and Care Center in Abuja, Nigeria

Paraproteinemia, plasmacytoma, myeloma and HIV infection

The immunology of AIDS‐associated lymphomas

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