Pathogenesis of spontaneous cervico-cerebral artery dissection. A hypothesis and a review of the literature

Rupture of the spleen or splenic vessels (splenic emergency syndrome) in late pregnancy: A report of two autopsy cases

“…We have already pointed out that many cases of FMD are secondary to increased blood pressure or arterial flow, but lesions similar to those of FMD have also been observed in some infectious diseases [12]. These findings, together with the occurrence of FMD in a patient with Marfan's syndrome, and in conjunction with previous reports of FMD in a variety of connective tissue disorders, suggest that FMD, like cystic medial necrosis, may be a non-specific disease entity [18].…”

“…Recent studies highlight that the vessel wall is in a continual state of self-maintenance and self-regulation including remodelling that occurs in response to hemodynamic stress. Studies suggest remodelling of the vessel wall causes similar histological lesions, regardless of the pathogenic factors [12].…”

An atypical case of Stanford type‐A chronic aortic dissection managed conservatively

“…Endothelial injury could induce morphological changes in the internal elastic lamina and medial tunic. Impairment of the elastic architecture could render the connections between elastic layers unstable, allowing the initiation and progression of dissection …”

“…Impairment of the elastic architecture could render the connections between elastic layers unstable, allowing the initiation and progression of dissection. 12 Connective tissue disorders are one of the leading causes of aortic dissection; beyond hemochromatosis, the patient has no history of connectivities or family history of such, as demonstrated by the autoantibody negativity.…”

M2 segment dissection of middle cerebral artery diagnosed using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging

“…Arterial variations might be associated with pathological lesions 3 ; additionally, endothelial dysfunction, which can be found in many clinical situations including tobacco use, infection, irradiation, and hyperhomocysteinemia, could affect the initiation of cervicocerebral artery dissection. 4 We consider that the patient’s smoking history, hyperhomocysteinemia, and congenital vascular variation may have all been involved in the pathogenesis of his condition.…”