Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi (Hyphomycetes) to the legume flower thrips, <i>Megalurothrips sjostedti</i> (Trybom) (Thysan., Thripidae)

Ekesi, Sunday; Maniania, Nguya K.; Onu, I.; Löhr, B.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.1998.tb01557.x

Cited by 55 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Means within a column followed by the same lower case and within a row followed by the same upper case letters are not significantly different by Tukey's HSD multiple range test (P = 0. 05) (Dimbi et al 2003), thrips (Ekesi et al 1998;Niassy et al 2012), two-spotted spider mite (Bugeme et al 2009), red spider mite (Wekesa et al 2005), and leafminer (Migiro et al 2010). For example, M. anisopliae ICIPE 62, which was found to be virulent against the three species of aphids in the present study, was also reported to be virulent against Ceratitis rosa var.…”

Section: Screenhouse Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Selection of fungal isolates for virulence against three aphid pest species of crucifers and okra

et al. 2016

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Aphids are regarded as important pest problems of vegetable crops worldwide. Most vegetable growers in sub-Saharan Africa heavily rely on synthetic chemical insecticides for aphids' control. Fungus-based biopesticides are being considered as alternatives to chemical insecticides. This study evaluates virulence of five isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and three of Beauveria bassiana against Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae, and Aphis gossypii, and their thermotolerance and conidial yield as a prerequisite for strain selection. The study also evaluates performance of the best isolate in screenhouse experiment against target aphid species. Three isolates of M. anisopliae ICIPE30, ICIPE62, and ICIPE69 outperformed the others, causing mortality of 85-98 %, 83-97 %, and 73-77 %, in B. brassicae, L. pseudobrassicae, and A. gossypii, respectively, 7 days post-inoculation. Isolate ICIPE62 had the shortest LT 50 values of 3.4, 2.5, and 2.6 days at 1 9 10 8 conidia ml -1 , and the lowest LC 50 values of 7.3 9 10 5 , 9.3 9 10 4 , and 3.0 9 10 4 conidia ml -1 on day 7 against A. gossypii, B. brassicae, and L. pseudobrassicae, respectively. Furthermore, ICIPE62 produced more conidia on the surface of aphid cadavers than ICIPE30 and ICIPE69 and showed wider thermotolerance with optimum ranges between 25 and 30°C. Application of conidia of ICIPE62 formulated in aqueous and emulsifiable formulations negatively affected aphid population growth rate on kale and okra plants compared to controls in screenhouse experiments. These results have demonstrated the potential of M. anisopliae isolate ICIPE62 in suppression of A. gossypii, B. brassicae, and L. pseudobrassicae populations and could therefore be considered as biopesticide candidate for the control of these target aphids. Key messages• Several isolates of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae were screened for selection of isolate(s) that are virulent against three aphid pests infesting vegetables in subSaharan Africa. • M. anisopliae isolate ICIPE62 outperformed the other isolates in terms of virulence against the three aphid pests conidial production and thermotolerance. • Aqueous and emulsifiable formulations of M. anisopliae ICIPE62 provided acceptable control of the three aphid species in the screenhouse.

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Section: Screenhouse Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Selection of fungal isolates for virulence against three aphid pest species of crucifers and okra

et al. 2016

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“…This Maniania and Fargues 1984;Poprawski et al 1985;Feng and Johnson 1990;Ekesi et al 1998). This underlines the importance of strain selection as stressed by Soper and Ward (1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae to the tobacco spider mite Tetranychus evansi

et al. 2005

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Seventeen isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin and two isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin were evaluated for their pathogenicity against the tobacco spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard. In the laboratory all the fungal isolates were pathogenic to the adult female mites, causing mortality between 22.1 and 82.6%. Isolates causing more than 70% mortality were subjected to dose-response mortality bioassays. The lethal concentration causing 50% mortality (LC5o) values ranged between 0.7 x 10(7) and 2.5 x 10(7) conidia ml(-1). The lethal time to 50% mortality (LT50) values of the most active isolates of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae strains varied between 4.6 and 5.8 days. Potted tomato plants were artificially infested with T. evansi and treated with B. bassiana isolate GPK and M. anisopliae isolate ICIPE78. Both fungal isolates reduced the population density of mites as compared to untreated controls. However, conidia formulated in oil outperformed the ones formulated in water. This study demonstrates the prospects of pathogenic fungi for the management of T. evansi.

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“…Results from the primary screening bioassay indicated that all the fungal isolates tested against M. vitrata were pathogenic to the insects, but their virulence varied greatly among the isolates, perhaps not surprisingly because inter-and intraspecific variations in virulence among fungal species and isolates within fungal species are well documented for different species of insects (Poprawski et al, 1985;Feng and Johnson 1990;Maniania, 1992;Ekesi et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Indeed, the two isolates of M. anisopliae, ICIPE 18 and ICIPE 69, identified in this study as highly pathogenic to M. vitrata, have also been reported to cause high mortality in other tropical insects. For example, from among 22 isolates screened, Ekesi et al (1998) identified ICIPE 69 as one of the isolates most pathogenic to the legume flower thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom). It has also been found to be effective against the adult pea leafminer, Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) (Migiro et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity and performance of two candidate isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in four liquid culture media for the management of the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Tumuhaise

Ekesi

Mohamed

et al. 2015

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Pathogenicity and performance of two candidate isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in four liquid culture media for the management of the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)Abstract. The aim of this study was to identify and develop entomopathogenic fungi as biopesticides for management of Maruca vitrata (Fabricius). Fourteen isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin and six of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. were screened against first instar larvae of M. vitrata. The two most virulent isolates were selected and further tested for production in four liquid media. Different formulations of one isolate were evaluated against different developmental stages. Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 18 and ICIPE 69 caused highest larval mortality of 91 and 81%, with lethal time to 50% mortality (LT 50 ) values of 1.8 and 1.7 days and LC 50 of 1.07 £ 10 7 and 3.01 £ 10 6 conidia/ml, respectively. ICIPE 69 yielded more biomass and propagules in two liquid media than ICIPE 18. All developmental stages and adult moths were susceptible to fungal infection and horizontal transmission caused a significant reduction in fecundity. Isolate ICIPE 69 was identified as the most potent isolate for managing M. vitrata based on demonstrated efficacy against different developmental stages and amenability to production in liquid media and could be utilized as an alternative to pesticides in cowpea IPM.

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Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi (Hyphomycetes) to the legume flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Thysan., Thripidae)

Cited by 55 publications

References 22 publications

Selection of fungal isolates for virulence against three aphid pest species of crucifers and okra

Selection of fungal isolates for virulence against three aphid pest species of crucifers and okra

Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae to the tobacco spider mite Tetranychus evansi

Pathogenicity and performance of two candidate isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in four liquid culture media for the management of the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

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