Pathogenicity of fish pathogen Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and preparation of its inactivated vaccine

Yan, Liang; Jin, Duo; Yang, Shijia; Li, Xiaomin; Li, Hui; Hu, Shengbiao; Sun, Yunjun; Yi, Ganfeng; Wang, Pan; Rang, Jie; Xia, Liqiu

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105488

Cited by 28 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…At present, the diseases in L. crocea aquaculture industry are mainly caused by bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens. The bacteria such as N. seriolae ( Wang et al., 2008 ), V. harveyi ( Lin et al., 1999 ; Ji et al., 2004 ), V. parahaemolyticus, P. plecoglossicida ( Yan et al., 2022 ) , S. iniae and P. damselae ( Zhang et al., 2012 ; Ge et al., 2022 ), all can infect L. crocea . In this study, bacterial pathogens P. plecoglossicida, V. harveyi, N. seriolae, S. iniae and P. damselae all were identified in L. crocea .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological investigation on diseases of Larimichthys crocea in Ningbo culture area

Xu,

Ge,

Feng

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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IntroductionDue to the high-density farming of Larimichthys crocea over the years, diseases caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites frequently occur in Ningbo, posing a huge threat and challenge to the sustainable and healthy development of the L. crocea’s bay farming industry. In order to understand the diseases occurrence in L. crocea farming in Ningbo area, an epidemiological investigation of L. crocea diseases was carried out through regular sampling in 2023. MethodsFrom April to October 2023, routine sampling of L. crocea was conducted monthly in various farming areas in Ningbo. Each time, live or dying L. crocea with obvious clinical symptoms were sampled, with a total number of 55 L. crocea collected. The samples were preserved in ice bags and transported to the laboratory for pathogen detection(including bacterial isolation and identification,virus identification, and parasites detection).ResultsA total of fifty-five fish dying L. crocea with obvious clinical symptoms were collected in this study, of which 78.18% (43/55) were detected with symptoms caused by pathogenic infection, while 21.82% (12/55) did not have identified pathogens, which were presumed to be breeding abrasions, nutritional metabolic disorders, unconventional pathogens infection or other reasons. A total of twenty-five pathogenic bacteria strains were isolated, which mainly were Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and Vibrio harveyi, accounting for 52% (13/25) and 32% (8/25) of the pathogenic bacteria strains, respectively. Among them, both V. harveyi and Streptococcus. iniae co-infected one fish. Additionally, three other bacterial strains including Nocardia seriolae, Staphylococcus Saprophyticus, and Photobacterium damselae subsp.damselae were isolated. Microscopic examination mainly observed two parasites, Cryptocaryon irritans and Neobenedenia girellae. In virus detection, the red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) was mainly detected in L. crocea. Statistical analysis showed that among the fish with detected pathogens, 55.81% (24/43) had bacterial infections, 37.21% (16/43) had parasitic infections, and 37.21% (16/43) had RSIV infections. Among them, five fish had mixed infections of bacteria and parasites, three had mixed infections of bacteria and viruses, three had mixed infections of parasites and viruses, and one L. crocea had mixed infections of viruses, bacteria, and parasites. DiscussionThese findings indicate that these three major types of diseases are very common in the L. crocea farming area in Ningbo, implying the complexity of mixed infections of multiple diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological investigation on diseases of Larimichthys crocea in Ningbo culture area

Xu,

Ge,

Feng

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…The intestine, spleen, liver, and kidney, crucial for defending against pathogenic bacterial invasions, are key immune-related organs in fish and frequent targets of pathogenic attacks ( 41 – 43 ). For example, barramundi infected with P. plecoglossicida demonstrate granuloma formation in the spleen, hepatocellular swelling, steatosis necrosis, and glomerular collapse ( 44 ), while zebrafish show pathological shedding of intestinal villi, vacuolization of hepatocytes, and proliferation of splenic lymphocytes upon infection ( 45 ). In the present study, pathological analysis of infected hybrid groupers identified visible granulomas and many MMCs in the spleen in response to P. plecoglossicida infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Pseudomonas plecoglossicida fliL gene in immune response of infected hybrid groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂)

Shi,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, a gram-negative bacterium, is the main pathogen of visceral white-point disease in marine fish, responsible for substantial economic losses in the aquaculture industry. The FliL protein, involved in torque production of the bacterial flagella motor, is essential for the pathogenicity of a variety of bacteria. In the current study, the fliL gene deletion strain (ΔfliL), fliL gene complement strain (C-ΔfliL), and wild-type strain (NZBD9) were compared to explore the influence of the fliL gene on P. plecoglossicida pathogenicity and its role in host immune response. Results showed that fliL gene deletion increased the survival rate (50%) and reduced white spot disease progression in the hybrid groupers. Moreover, compared to the NZBD9 strain, the ΔfliL strain was consistently associated with lower bacterial loads in the grouper spleen, head kidney, liver, and intestine, coupled with reduced tissue damage. Transcriptomic analysis identified 2 238 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the spleens of fish infected with the ΔfliL strain compared to the NZBD9 strain. Based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, the DEGs were significantly enriched in seven immune system-associated pathways and three signaling molecule and interaction pathways. Upon infection with the ΔfliL strain, the toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway was activated in the hybrid groupers, leading to the activation of transcription factors (NF-κB and AP1) and cytokines. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokine-related genes IL-1β, IL-12B, and IL-6 and chemokine-related genes CXCL9, CXCL10, and CCL4 were significantly up-regulated. In conclusion, the fliL gene markedly influenced the pathogenicity of P. plecoglossicida infection in the hybrid groupers. Notably, deletion of fliL gene in P. plecoglossicida induced a robust immune response in the groupers, promoting defense against and elimination of pathogens via an inflammatory response involving multiple cytokines.

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“…VWND, which is caused by P. plecoglossicida, is one of the most severe diseases affecting cage-farmed L. crocea [17]. Antibiotics and chemical drugs remain the preventative treatments for VWND, but extensive use of these measures has led to the accumulation of persistent drug residues, bacterial resistance, and aquatic microecosystem damage [32]. To improve VWND control and reduce the use of environmentally harmful treatments, it is necessary to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune response of L. crocea to P. plecoglossicida infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals the microRNA-Mediated Immune Response of Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea) to Pseudomonas plecoglossicida Infection

Chen

Zhang

Shao

et al. 2022

Fishes

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Visceral white nodules disease (VWND), caused by Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, is a common disease among cage-farmed large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) in China. However, comprehensive investigations of the molecular defensive mechanisms used by L. crocea in response to P. plecoglossicida infection remain relatively rare. Here, we constructed transcriptomes of the L. crocea spleen at 12 h and 24 h after P. plecoglossicida challenge. We identified 518 novel miRNAs and 823 known miRNAs in the spleen of L. crocea. Between the challenge and control groups, 32 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), predicted to target 356 genes, and 1152 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were identified at 12 h post-infection, while 33 DEmiRNAs, predicted to target 278 genes, and 1067 DEmRNAs were identified at 24 h post-infection. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that 146 and 126 GO terms were significantly enriched in the target genes at 12 h and 24 h, respectively. Twenty-eight and four immune-associated Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were significantly enriched in the target genes at 12 h and 24 h, respectively. Three immune-associated pathways were among those most enriched in the target genes: Toll-like receptor signaling, endocytosis, and C-type lectin receptor signaling. Network analysis identified 47 DEmRNA-DEmiRNA pairs. In particular, the immune-related genes TLR5S and PIGR were targeted by the miRNAs lcr-miR-7132c and dre-miR-183-5p, respectively. Dual-luciferase assays verified that lcr-miR-7132c downregulated TLR5S, suggesting that this miRNA may participate in regulating the immune response of L. crocea to P. plecoglossicida infection through the TLR5S-mediated signaling pathway. Our results help to clarify the miRNA-mediated immune response of L. crocea to P. plecoglossicida infection.

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Pathogenicity of fish pathogen Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and preparation of its inactivated vaccine

Cited by 28 publications

References 33 publications

Epidemiological investigation on diseases of Larimichthys crocea in Ningbo culture area

Epidemiological investigation on diseases of Larimichthys crocea in Ningbo culture area

Role of the Pseudomonas plecoglossicida fliL gene in immune response of infected hybrid groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂)

Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals the microRNA-Mediated Immune Response of Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea) to Pseudomonas plecoglossicida Infection

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