Pathogenicity of Fungi Isolated from<i>Dendroctonus valens, D. brevicomis,</i>and<i>D. ponderosae</i>to Ponderosa Pine Seedlings

Owen, Donald R.; Lindahl, Kenneth Q.; Wood, David L.; Parmeter, J. R.

doi:10.1094/phyto-77-631

Cited by 83 publications

(67 citation statements)

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“…The results indicate that these fungi may contribute to seedling mortality in Scots pine dominated forests, where T. piniperda adults may feed on the stems of young Scots pine seedlings. This study confirms the results of earlier inoculation studies using larger trees [30,31,33,34,51,52] and seedlings [44,45], which demonstrated that O. minus and L. wingfieldii are pathogenic. In these studies L. wingfieldii was more virulent then O. minus [52,53].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Fungi associated withTomicus piniperdain Poland and assessment of their virulence using Scots pine seedlings

Jankowiak¹

2006

Ann. For. Sci.

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-The species composition and virulence of fungi associated with Tomicus piniperda were studied at eight locations in Poland. The fungi were isolated from phloem and sapwood samples taken from insect galleries and then identified. The virulence of the most common ophiostomatoid species was evaluated through inoculations using two-year-old Scots pine seedlings. A great diversity of fungi were found associated with T. piniperda, including 4 837 cultures and 67 species. The most important groups of fungi were the ophiostomatoids and moulds, including mainly Penicillium, Trichoderma and Mucor species. Among ophiostomatoid fungi, Ophiostoma minus and O. piceae dominated, with a frequency of occurrence of 32.4 and 11.5% of inspected galleries, respectively. Occasionally isolated species included Leptographium lundbergii, L. procerum, L. wingfieldii, Graphium pycnocephalum and Graphium sp. 'W'. In general, the frequency of the ophiostomatoid species was highly variable among locations. Leptographium wingfieldii and O. minus, were the only species capable of killing whole plants and penetrated deeper into the sapwood than other species (87-100% mortality during the 11 week incubation period). Other fungi, including O. piliferum, O. piceae and L. procerum, were considerably less virulent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Fungi associated withTomicus piniperdain Poland and assessment of their virulence using Scots pine seedlings

Jankowiak¹

2006

Ann. For. Sci.

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“…Ophiostomatoid fungi are known to be more tolerant to terpenes in conifer resin than other co-occurring early colonizing fungi, and thus some species may actually benefit from these defense reactions in the competition with other fungi (Cobb et al 1968, De Groot 1972, Harrington 1993, Klepzig and Six 2004, Lieutier et al 2009. Competition between pioneer fungi, including interspecific competition between ophiostomatoid species, might play an important role in the successful colonization and pathogenic properties of fungal species (Owen et al 1987, Parmeter et al 1989, Harrington 1993.…”

Section: Fungal-fungal Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bark beetle-associated fungi in Fennoscandia with special emphasis on species of Ophiostoma and Grosmannia

Linnakoski¹

2011

Diss. For.

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Global trade in untreated timber and wood products raises the risk of accidentally introducing forest pests and pathogens into new environments. Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) include several species that are regarded as forest pests. These insects are known to live in close association with fungi, especially species of ophiostomatoid fungi (Ascomycota). Several of these fungi are agents of blue stain in timber, and some are serious plant pathogens. However, only little is known regarding the fungal associates of bark beetles, or the interactions between the fungus, the bark beetle and the host tree in the boreal forests of Fennoscandia.The aim of this study was to increase the knowledge regarding bark beetle-associated fungi in Fennoscandia, with special emphasis on the genera Ophiostoma Syd. & P. Syd. and Grosmannia Goid. Fungi associated with 13 different bark beetle species, infesting Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and birches (Betula L. spp.) in the eastern parts of Finland and neighboring Russia, as well as southern Norway, were isolated and identified. The fungal identifications were based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequence comparisons.The survey revealed the occurrence of at least 29 species of Ophiostoma and Grosmannia. All the bark beetle species considered in this study were frequently associated with a complex of ophiostomatoid fungi. Several species were recorded for the first time in the countries in the study. A surprisingly high number of previously undescribed fungal species were discovered. During the survey, eight of these species were described as new taxa. In addition, the study revealed new insect-fungus relationships. The number of taxa encountered, covering a relatively small geographical area, indicates that there are many more ophiostomatoid fungi occurring in the boreal forests of Fennoscandia than has previously been recognized. The study emphasizes the importance of developing a clear understanding of the possible threats of moving timber and wood products without knowledge of the micro-organisms that might also be moved.Keywords: blue stain, insect-fungus interactions, molecular systematics, ophiostomatoid fungi, Ophiostomatales, symbioses 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS "It's the journey that's important, not the getting there" (John McLeod). The writing of this dissertation has been a fascinating journey full of unforgettable experiences, from South African sunrises to a rail ride on the Trans Siberian Railway. It has also been a time of personal growth. The writing of a dissertation is a long journey, and obviously not possible without the support of numerous people. I've been truly privileged to start my journey in the world of science with many inspiring people. It's been a great pleasure to follow their enthusiasm and the deep commitment to the work they love. Thank you for passing on the passion for science! I would like to express my sincere thanks to all of you who have contributed and supported this project in v...

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“…Tests of pathogenicity have been made with Ophistoma ips in Pinus radiata and P. elliottii (Zhou et al, 2001); P. ponderosa with Ceratocystis minor, C. clavigera and Leptographium terebrantis (Harrington and Cobb, 1983;Owen et al, 1987). Jacobs and Wingfield (2001) report L. wageneri as one of those that cause the disease of black root stain in conifers, and L. calophylli as the cause of withering in Calophyllum inophyllum, both considered pathogens.…”

Section: Materials Vegetal E Inóculomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E n M é x i c o s e h a n r e p o r t a d o 1 7 h o n g o s ophiostomatoides pertenecientes a los órdenes Ophiostomatales y Microascales en coníferas y latifoliadas (Cibrián et al, 2007). Se han realizado pruebas de patogenicidad con Ophiostoma ips en Pinus radiata y P. elliottii (Zhou et al, 2001); P. ponderosa con Ceratocystis minor, C. clavigera y Leptographium terebrantis (Harrington y Cobb, 1983;Owen et al, 1987). Jacobs y Wingfield (2001) reportan a L. wageneri como uno de los que causan la enfermedad de la mancha negra de la raíz en coníferas y L. calophylli como causante de una marchitez en Calophyllum inophyllum, ambos considerados como patógenos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

HISTOPATOLOGÍA DEL PINO DE LAS ALTURAS (Pinus hartwegii Lindl.) INOCULADO CON TRES HONGOS OPHIOSTOMATOIDES

Pérez-Vera¹,

Cárdenas-Soriano²,

Alvarado-Rosales³

et al. 2011

rchscfa

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RESUMENEl objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las alteraciones histológicas en el pino de las alturas (Pinus hartwegii) causadas por tres especies de hongos ophiostomatoides, por medio de microscopia de luz. En Pinus hartwegii hubo acumulación de resina en la zona de inoculación a los diez días, y el follaje se tornó de amarillo a café rojizo a los 60 días. En las inoculaciones con Leptographium guttulatum y Ophiostoma olivaceapinii se observó que inducen la metabolización de polifenoles, depositándose en las paredes de las células de la corteza, el floema, cambium vascular y en la médula se necrosaron. O. ips causó necrosis más severa en corteza, floema, cambium vascular y médula. En xilema, las hifas de los tres hongos penetran en las traqueidas y avanzan longitudinalmente por las puntuaciones aeroladas y se distribuyen radialmente por células parenquimatosas y radios. ABSTRACTThe goal of this study was to identify the histological alterations in hartweg pine (Pinus hartwegii) caused by three species of ophiostomatoid fungi by means of light microscopy. There was an accumulation of resin in the inoculated zone within 10 days, and foliage of inoculated seedlings turned yellow and reddish-brown at 60 days. With inoculation of Leptographium guttulatum and Ophiostoma olivaceapinii, it was observed that they induce the metabolization of polyphenols, which were deposited on the cell walls of the inner bark, the phloem, vascular cambium and in the pith, where they became necrotic. Compared to L. guttulatum and O. olivaceapini, O. ips caused a more severe necrosis of the inner bark, cambium, and pith. In the xylem of inoculated seedlings, the hyphae of the three different fungi penetrated into the tracheids and moved through the bordered pits and radially through the parenchyma cells in the rays. PALABRAS CLAVE:Manchado azul, galerías, descortezadores, cambios estructurales.

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Pathogenicity of Fungi Isolated fromDendroctonus valens, D. brevicomis,andD. ponderosaeto Ponderosa Pine Seedlings

Cited by 83 publications

References 0 publications

Fungi associated withTomicus piniperdain Poland and assessment of their virulence using Scots pine seedlings

Fungi associated withTomicus piniperdain Poland and assessment of their virulence using Scots pine seedlings

Bark beetle-associated fungi in Fennoscandia with special emphasis on species of Ophiostoma and Grosmannia

HISTOPATOLOGÍA DEL PINO DE LAS ALTURAS (Pinus hartwegii Lindl.) INOCULADO CON TRES HONGOS OPHIOSTOMATOIDES

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