Pathogenicity of H5 influenza viruses for ducks

Kishida, Noriko; Sakoda, Yoshihiro; Isoda, Norikazu; Matsuda, Kazuya; Eto, Mariko; Sunaga, Y.; Umemura, Takashi; Kida, Hiroshi

doi:10.1007/s00705-004-0473-x

Cited by 95 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This may indicate that S and lk viruses were more virulent for ducks than those presented in the study of Sturm-Ramirez et al (2005). S and Y viruses in this study were found to have slightly higher virus replication in the gastrointestinal tract than in the respiratory tract in mallards and were excreted at slightly higher virus titres from the cloaca than the oropharynx, which indicated that both viruses were transmitted primarily via the oralÁfaecal route, consistent with previous studies (Shortridge et al, 1998;Chen et al, 2004;Kishida et al, 2005). More intriguingly, S virus was found to be present at higher levels of virus in nearly all viscera of infected ducks than Y virus, which may indicate that S virus possessed higher affinity to duck tissues than Y virus and indicated that S virus was more virulent than Y virus for ducks.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, recent outbreaks of H5N1 in domestic ducks and wild aquatic birds indicated that this longstanding equilibrium between influenza virus and water fowl may have been disrupted. During the 2003 to 2005 H5N1 avian influenza outbreaks in Asia, domestic ducks were among the species affected clinically (Kishida et al, 2005;Liu et al, 2005;Zhou et al, 2006). In the present study, we showed that although the four H5N1 influenza viruses each had multiple basic amino acids at the HA cleavage site, and were highly pathogenic in chickens, they exhibited differing pathogenicity in mallards*with Y and hn viruses being of low pathogenicity in mallards, while S and lk isolates were highly pathogenic in this avian model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

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Characterization of duck H5N1 influenza viruses with differing pathogenicity in mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducks

Tang¹,

Wu²,

Peng³

et al. 2009

Avian Pathology

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A number of H5N1 influenza outbreaks have occurred in aquatic birds in Asia. As aquatic birds are the natural reservoir of influenza A viruses and do not usually show clinical disease upon infection, the repeated H5N1 outbreaks have highlighted the importance of continuous surveillance on H5N1 viruses in aquatic birds. In the present study we characterized the biological properties of four H5N1 avian influenza viruses, which had been isolated from ducks, in different animal models. In specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens, all four isolates were highly pathogenic. In SPF mice, the S and Y isolates were moderately pathogenic. However, in mallard ducks, two isolates had low pathogenicity, while the other two were highly pathogenic and caused lethal infection. A representative isolate with high pathogenicity in ducks caused systemic infection and replicated effectively in all 10 organs tested in challenged ducks, whereas a representative isolate with low pathogenicity in ducks was only detected in some organs in a few challenged ducks. Comparison of complete genomic sequences from the four isolates showed that the same amino acid residues that have been reported to be associated with virulence and host adaption/restriction of influenza viruses were present in the PB2, HA, NA, M and NS genes, while the amino acid residues at the HA cleavage site were diverse. From these results it appeared that the virulence of H5N1 avian influenza viruses was increased for ducks and that amino acid substitutions at the HA cleavage site might have contributed to the differing pathogenicity of these isolates in mallards. A procedure for the intravenous pathogenicity index test in a mallard model for assessing the virulence of H5/H7 subtype avian influenza viruses in waterfowl is described.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Characterization of duck H5N1 influenza viruses with differing pathogenicity in mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducks

Tang¹,

Wu²,

Peng³

et al. 2009

Avian Pathology

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“…A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/04 (H5N1) (13,14) and A/chicken/aq-Y-55/01 (H9N2) (12) were used as HPAI and LPAI viruses, respectively. A/swine/Hokkaido/2/81 (H1N1), A/swine/ Miyagi/5/03 (H1N2), A/swine/Nakorn Pathom/02 (H3N2), and A/duck/Pennsylvania/10128/84 (H5N2) were used for the inoculation of miniature pigs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the ESPLINE® INFLUENZA A&B‐N Kit for the Diagnosis of Avian and Swine Influenza

Bai

Sakoda

Mweene

et al. 2005

Microbiology and Immunology

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The ESPLINE® INFLUENZA A&B‐N kit was evaluated for its applicability to the rapid diagnosis of influenza in chickens and pigs. The kit specifically detected viral antigens in tracheal swabs and tissue homogenates of the trachea, liver, spleen, and colon of chickens inoculated with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus strain, A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/04 (H5N1), at 48 hr post‐inoculation (p.i.) as well as in the tracheal and cloacal swabs and tissue homogenates of dead chickens. For those infected with a low pathogenic strain, A/chicken/aq‐Y‐55/01 (H9N2), antigens were detected only in the samples from tracheal swabs and organs 1–4 days p.i. The kit also detected viral antigens in the nasal swabs of miniature pigs infected with swine and avian influenza viruses. The kit was found to be sensitive and specific enough for the rapid diagnosis of infections of influenza A virus in chickens and pigs.

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“…In the brain tissue of experimentally infected ducks, the virus concentration was 10 6.5 EID 50 in those that died showing brain involvement, and up to 10 3.6 EID 50 in ducks without clinical signs of the disease (Kishida et al, 2005). The virus concentration in the brain tissue of the examined swan was estimated by us 10 5.0 EID 50 and this made us assume that, at that virus concentration, the birds' brains may have been affected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…(Lee et al, 2005;Kishida et al, 2005;Swayne, 2006;Zhou et al, 2006). By monitoring the time dynamics of virus excretion from the digestive or respiratory systems and assessing its concentration, risk factors for the spread of infection to other birds can be estimated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of avian influenza virus in tissues of mute swans using TaqMan real time qRT-PCR

Rosenbergová¹,

Lány²,

Pospíšil³

et al. 2009

Vet. Med. - Czech

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This study reports on the first quantification of avian influenza virus in the organs of mute swans that died during the epizootic of avian influenza (H5N1) between January and April 2006 in the Czech Republic. The quantitative real-time Reverse Transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) assay based on a TaqMan probe was developed for a rapid detection and quantification of avian influenza virus RNA in clinical samples collected from mute swans. Conserved regions in the matrix protein gene of avian influenza virus served as targets for the primers and TaqMan probe design. A recombinant plasmid containing the matrix protein gene amplicon was constructed for a quantitative assay of copy numbers of the target gene. Quantification of avian influenza virus RNA was accomplished using a standard curve generated from ten-fold serial dilutions of recombinant plasmid DNA in the range of 10 2 to 10 8 copies/µl. Avian influenza virus A/Cygnus olor/Brno-cz/2006 was adapted to grow in VERO cells. In the same passage of cell cultivation, the concentration of viral RNA was determined to be 1.01 × 10 7 copies/ml and TCID 50 was 10 4.2 /ml. From these values the ratio of one RNA copy to 0.00157 virion capable of VERO cells infection was calculated. This ratio was used to estimate the virus concentrations in the tissues of dead mute swans.

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Pathogenicity of H5 influenza viruses for ducks

Cited by 95 publications

References 13 publications

Characterization of duck H5N1 influenza viruses with differing pathogenicity in mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducks

Characterization of duck H5N1 influenza viruses with differing pathogenicity in mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducks

Evaluation of the ESPLINE® INFLUENZA A&B‐N Kit for the Diagnosis of Avian and Swine Influenza

Quantification of avian influenza virus in tissues of mute swans using TaqMan real time qRT-PCR

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