Pathogenicity of individual rhinovirus species during exacerbations of cystic fibrosis

Shah, Anoop; Connelly, Michael; Whitaker, Paul; McIntyre, Chloe; Etherington, C.; Denton, M.; Hale, Anthony D; Harvala, Heli; Simmonds, Peter; Peckham, Daniel

doi:10.1183/09031936.00229114

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…While RV‐A was the most common subtype detected, no specific subtype of RV was found to be associated with exacerbations. These results are similar to a recent study by Shah et al demonstrating in adults with CF suffering from a pulmonary exacerbation, RV‐A was the most common RV subtype detected, but there was no significant difference in clinical outcome based on RV subtype.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In RV‐positive samples, the VP4‐VP2 region, which codes for the structural capsid protein genes, was amplified by a nested‐PCR assay from . PCR products were purified via polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation, and sequenced as described previously . Sequencing was performed by the Ramaciotti Centre (University of New South Wales, Australia) and sequences were compared to the GenBank database by Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) for identification (National Centre for Biotechnology Information, US National Library of Medicine).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of rhinovirus with exacerbations in young children affected by cystic fibrosis: Preliminary data

Stelzer-Braid

Liu

Doumit

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

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Rhinovirus (RV) is a common respiratory viral infection linked to worsening of chronic respiratory diseases including cystic fibrosis (CF) and asthma. RV was tested by RT-PCR in samples (n = 465) collected from the upper (nasal swab, oropharyngeal suction, and sputum) and lower (bronchoalveolar washings) respiratory tract of 110 children with CF. Air samples (n = 52) collected from the operating theatres and outpatient clinics were tested for RV. RV was found in 43% of children <5 years suffering an exacerbation, and 12% of older children (5-17 years). RV particles were detected in the air of clinic rooms. Detection of RV is important in better understanding viral infections in patients with CF.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of rhinovirus with exacerbations in young children affected by cystic fibrosis: Preliminary data

Stelzer-Braid

Liu

Doumit

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…A few studies have examined the role of respiratory viral infections in CF patients. 156 Picornavirus was detected in more than 40% of URIs in children with underlying CF. 157 There was no difference in pulmonary function in those children with proven HRV infection versus other respiratory viruses.…”

Section: Cystic Fibrosis and Hiv Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Human Rhinovirus and Coronavirus Infections

Greenberg

2016

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

117

135

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Human rhinovirus (HRV) and coronavirus (HCoV) infections are associated with both upper respiratory tract illness ("the common cold") and lower respiratory tract illness (pneumonia). New species of HRVs and HCoVs have been diagnosed in the past decade. More sensitive diagnostic tests such as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction have expanded our understanding of the role these viruses play in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed hosts. Recent identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome viruses causing serious respiratory illnesses has led to renewed efforts for vaccine development. The role these viruses play in patients with chronic lung disease such as asthma makes the search for antiviral agents of increased importance.

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“…The most common virus detected in the airway of adults and children with CF is human rhinovirus (RV) (15)(16)(17)(18)(19). The clinical impact of RV includes reduction of lung function/FEV 1 (15,20,21), hospitalization (22), and increased requirement for intravenous antibiotic treatment (11,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhinovirus Infection Drives Complex Host Airway Molecular Responses in Children With Cystic Fibrosis

et al. 2020

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Early-life viral infections are responsible for pulmonary exacerbations that can contribute to disease progression in young children with cystic fibrosis (CF). The most common respiratory viruses detected in the CF airway are human rhinoviruses (RV), and augmented airway inflammation in CF has been attributed to dysregulated airway epithelial responses although evidence has been conflicting. Here, we exposed airway epithelial cells from children with and without CF to RV in vitro. Using RNA-Seq, we profiled the transcriptomic differences of CF and non-CF airway epithelial cells at baseline and in response to RV. There were only modest differences between CF and non-CF cells at baseline. In response to RV, there were 1,442 and 896 differentially expressed genes in CF and non-CF airway epithelial cells, respectively. The core antiviral responses in CF and non-CF airway epithelial cells were mediated through interferon signaling although type 1 and 3 interferon signaling, when measured, were reduced in CF airway epithelial cells following viral challenge consistent with previous reports. The transcriptional responses in CF airway epithelial cells were more complex than in non-CF airway epithelial cells with diverse over-represented biological pathways, such as cytokine signaling and metabolic and biosynthetic pathways. Network analysis highlighted that the differentially expressed genes of CF airway epithelial cells' transcriptional responses were highly interconnected and formed a more complex network than observed in non-CF airway epithelial cells. We corroborate observations in fully differentiated air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures, identifying genes involved in IL-1 signaling and mucin glycosylation that are only dysregulated in the Ling et al. Rhinovirus Infection Drives Network Responses CF airway epithelial response to RV infection. These data provide novel insights into the CF airway epithelial cells' responses to RV infection and highlight potential pathways that could be targeted to improve antiviral and anti-inflammatory responses in CF.

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Pathogenicity of individual rhinovirus species during exacerbations of cystic fibrosis

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Association of rhinovirus with exacerbations in young children affected by cystic fibrosis: Preliminary data

Association of rhinovirus with exacerbations in young children affected by cystic fibrosis: Preliminary data

Update on Human Rhinovirus and Coronavirus Infections

Rhinovirus Infection Drives Complex Host Airway Molecular Responses in Children With Cystic Fibrosis

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