Pathogenicity of <i>Gaeumannomyces graminis</i> var <i>tritici </i>increased by nitrogen applied to soil to enhance the decomposition rate of wheat residues

Abstract

Soil cores removed after harvest of a wheat crop infected with the fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici (Ggt) were amended with nitrogen and fungal saprophytes to increase decay of crop residues and subsequently reduce soil inoculum The cores were treated with one application of 50 kg nitrogen (N) per ha Trichoderma strains or both Cores were assessed 0 2 4 and 7 months after harvest At 7 months the crop residues had decayed to a third of their original mass with the decay not influenced by the treatments DNA analysis confirmed Ggt DNA was present in the stubble stems crowns and roots The pathogenicity of Ggt was increased by N as shown by a 5 to 8fold increase in takeall severity in indicator wheat seedlings planted in the Ntreated cores 2 to 4 months after harvest compared with those without N Ggt remained viable in all treatments to infect wheat seedlings 7 months after harvest

Bazı buğday çeşitlerinin Buğdayda göçerten hastalığına sebep olan Gaeumannomyces graminis [Sacc.] Arx & Oliver var. tritici [J. Walker]’ye karşı reaksiyonlarının belirlenmesi

“…Ayrıca yapılan çalışmada 'Starfire', 'Oakley' ve 'Sage' çeşidi ekilen topraklar, hasattan sonra inokulumun en az birikmesine neden olmuştur. Bu nedenle bu çeşitlerin bu yönüyle çiftçilere önerilebileceği kanısına varılmıştır (Van Toor et al 2016). İngiltere' de 5 yıl boyunca yürütülen bir saha çalışmasında, Türkiye dahil dünyadaki birçok ülkeden elde edilen 34 adet eski (atasal) diploid buğday çeşidi Triticum monococcum (A genome), G. graminis var.…”

Beheersing van bodempathogenen via bodemgezondheidsmaatregelen : Een overzicht van de beschikbare kennis voor een selectie van akkerbouwgewassen met hun bijbehorende bodemziekten

“…• Het versnellen van de afbraak van de geïnfecteerde gewasresten door stikstofbemesting was niet effectief (van Toor et al, 2016). Ook met compost kan de afbraak van gewasresten versneld worden, maar effecten werden alleen bereikt bij zeer hoge doses van 100-150 ton/ha (Tilston et al, 2005).…”