Pathogenicity of monokaryotic and dikaryotic mycelia of Ganoderma boninense on oil palm seedlings and germinated seeds in Malaysia

Chan, Jer Jing; Zakaria, Latiffah; Liew, K. W.; Idris, Abu Seman

doi:10.1007/s13313-011-0031-4

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Under microscopic observation, the black lines are seen as embedded thick-walled, swollen structures of the G. boninense hyphae, which are postulated to play a crucial role in long-term survival in the soil [ 40 ] by generating a resistant barrier against other soil microorganisms. Conversely, monokaryotic mycelia remain non-pathogenic due to their incapability of causing damage to—and infecting—the oil palm [ 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Plant–microbe Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review Update on the Life Cycle, Plant–Microbe Interaction, Genomics, Detection and Control Strategies of the Oil Palm Pathogen Ganoderma boninense

Bharudin

Wahab

Samad

et al. 2022

Biology

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Plant pathogens are key threats to agriculture and global food security, causing various crop diseases that lead to massive economic losses. Palm oil is a commodity export of economic importance in Southeast Asia, especially in Malaysia and Indonesia. However, the sustainability of oil palm plantations and production is threatened by basal stem rot (BSR), a devastating disease predominantly caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense Pat. In Malaysia, infected trees have been reported in nearly 60% of plantation areas, and economic losses are estimated to reach up to ~USD500 million a year. This review covers the current knowledge of the mechanisms utilized by G. boninense during infection and the methods used in the disease management to reduce BSR, including cultural practices, chemical treatments and antagonistic microorganism manipulations. Newer developments arising from multi-omics technologies such as whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) are also reviewed. Future directions are proposed to increase the understanding of G. boninense invasion mechanisms against oil palm. It is hoped that this review can contribute towards an improved disease management and a sustainable oil palm production in this region.

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Section: Plant–microbe Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review Update on the Life Cycle, Plant–Microbe Interaction, Genomics, Detection and Control Strategies of the Oil Palm Pathogen Ganoderma boninense

Bharudin

Wahab

Samad

et al. 2022

Biology

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“…Two monokaryotic (haploid) spores generate the infective dikaryotic mycelia and each dikaryon constitutes discrete individuals (Chan et al. ). This mating system strongly encourages outcrossing, and increases the potential for new genetic combinations of the fungus with aggressive genes to build‐up within the population (Chan et al.…”

Section: Basal Stem Rot In Oil Palmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This mating system strongly encourages outcrossing, and increases the potential for new genetic combinations of the fungus with aggressive genes to build‐up within the population (Chan et al. ).…”

Section: Basal Stem Rot In Oil Palmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of basidiomycete root‐ and stem‐rot diseases in oil palm, rubber and tropical hardwood plantation crops

Mohammed

Rimbawanto²,

Page

2014

Forest Pathology

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Basal stem-rot and root-rot diseases caused by basidiomycete fungal pathogens are naturally and widely occurring in a large range of hosts. However, they significantly reduce the productivity of several economically important plantation-crop industries in tropical countries. Oil palm, rubber, acacias and eucalypts are all susceptible to basidiomycete rot pathogens to varying degrees and there is no absolute disease resistance. The causal pathogens are persistent as they remain present in wood or crop debris even in the absence of living members of the host species. Disease build-up is often rapid and can reach economically unacceptable levels in the absence of interventions to contain the disease. This study reviews the biology and detection of root-rot disease in oil palm, rubber and hardwood crops with a specific focus on management strategies undertaken in South-East Asia. The diseases caused by basidiomycete rot pathogens in this region are intractable and require an integrated approach to disease management, as it is unlikely that any one control strategy will succeed. In contrast, there has been significant success in reducing losses from basidiomycete rot from pathogens in the northern hemisphere, especially with Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato in forest trees, research being often supported by the establishment of long-term trials required to understand the origins and types of disease. In the tropics, progress has been more fragmented due to the low level of research funding, the problems involved with managing long-term research trials in the tropics, the confidentiality requirements of competitive industries and the lack of literature available in the public arena. This review collates a large body of information from disparate and often obscure sources for oil palm, rubber, acacias and eucalypts, tropical plantation crops that face similar types of stem-and root-rot disease problems. Lessons to be learned from the successes and failures of various management strategies with each type of crop are examined.

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“…According to Breton et al ( 2006 ), discrimination of isolates was done according to their aggressiveness, expressed by the quantification of external and internal disease symptoms using a standardised scoring scale. In the study of the aggressiveness of G. boninense isolates, the oil palm seedlings were usually rated for DSI based on a standardized disease class, which is comprised of tissue and morphological symptoms of BSR (Breton et al, 2006 ; Chan et al, 2011 ; Goh et al, 2014 ; Rakib et al, 2015 ; Shokrollahi et al, 2021 ). However, Goh et al ( 2014 ) discovered that VGM of infected seedlings was negatively correlated with DSI, implying that VGM could also be used as an additional criterion to assess G. boninense aggressiveness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ganoderma boninense Isolate’s Aggressiveness Using Infected Oil Palm Seedlings

Thanh

Midot³

et al. 2023

J Microbiol.

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Basal stem rot incidence caused by a white-rot fungus, Ganoderma boninense, is the major disease of oil palm in Southeast Asia. The rate of disease transmission and host damage are affected by variations in pathogen aggressiveness. Several other studies have used the disease severity index (DSI) to determine G. boninense aggressiveness levels while verifying disease using a culture-based method, which might not provide accurate results or be feasible in all cases. To differentiate G. boninense aggressiveness, we employed the DSI and vegetative growth measurement of infected oil palm seedlings. Disease confirmation was performed through scanning electron microscopy and molecular identification of fungal DNA from both infected tissue and fungi isolated from Ganoderma selective medium. Two-month-old oil palm seedlings were artificially inoculated with G. boninense isolates (2, 4A, 5A, 5B, and 7A) sampled from Miri (Lambir) and Mukah (Sungai Meris and Sungai Liuk), Sarawak. The isolates were categorized into three groups: highly aggressive (4A and 5B), moderately aggressive (5A and 7A), and less aggressive (2). Isolate 5B was identified as the most aggressive, and it was the only one to result in seedling mortality. Out of the five vegetative growth parameters measured, only the bole size between treatments was not affected. The integration of both conventional and molecular approaches in disease confirmation allows for precise detection.

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Pathogenicity of monokaryotic and dikaryotic mycelia of Ganoderma boninense on oil palm seedlings and germinated seeds in Malaysia

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Review Update on the Life Cycle, Plant–Microbe Interaction, Genomics, Detection and Control Strategies of the Oil Palm Pathogen Ganoderma boninense

Review Update on the Life Cycle, Plant–Microbe Interaction, Genomics, Detection and Control Strategies of the Oil Palm Pathogen Ganoderma boninense

Management of basidiomycete root‐ and stem‐rot diseases in oil palm, rubber and tropical hardwood plantation crops

Comparison of Ganoderma boninense Isolate’s Aggressiveness Using Infected Oil Palm Seedlings

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