Pathological consequences of chronic olfactory inflammation on neurite morphology of olfactory bulb projection neurons

LaFever, Brandon J.; Kawasawa, Yuka Imamura; Ito, Ayako; Imamura, Fumiaki

doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100451

Cited by 3 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(127 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, interneurons including the PV-and SST-positive cells which exist preferentially in the sEPL and dEPL, respectively, do not decrease in number following 10 weeks of i.n. LPS administration [47]. Collectively, these data suggest that COI does not induce an upregulation of apoptosis for the OB projection neurons or interneurons.…”

Section: Consequences Of Ob Inflammation On Different Olfactory Bulb ...mentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Rather than utilizing chemicals to induce inflammation of the OE, there are studies that utilize derivatives of microbial pathogens such as Satratoxin G [15,17], roridin A [13,16], polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [Poly(I:C)] [20,44], and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [21,25,[45][46][47][48] to better elucidate the etiological factors of immune responses in sinonasal diseases. Some sinonasal diseases including rhinitis, sinusitis, and rhinosinusitis can be primarily attributed to viral and/or bacterial infections [49].…”

Section: Alterations To Olfactory Bulb Anatomy In Animal Models Of Na...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact of i.n. administration of LPS on the mouse olfactory system has been more extensively investigated [21,[45][46][47][48]. LPS is an endotoxin found on the cell surface of Gramnegative bacteria and interacts with the pattern recognition receptor, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), of various host cells.…”

Section: Alterations To Olfactory Bulb Anatomy In Animal Models Of Na...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A transcriptome analysis demonstrated that early stages of COI (4 weeks of i.n. LPS administration) results in a significant upregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators collectively involved in neuroinflammation signaling pathways in the OB following LPS treatment [47]. It is hypothesized that inflammation of the OB at this stage may be orchestrated by IFN-γ-mediated signaling cascades.…”

Section: Olfactory Bulb Immune and Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of nasal inflammation on the olfactory bulb

LaFever

Imamura

2022

J Neuroinflammation

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Sinonasal diseases, such as rhinosinusitis, affect up to 12% of individuals each year which constitutes these diseases as some of the most common medical conditions in the world. Exposure to environmental pathogens and toxicants via the nasal cavity can result in a severe inflammatory state commonly observed in these conditions. It is well understood that the epithelial and neuronal cells lining the olfactory mucosa, including olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs), are significantly damaged in these diseases. Prolonged inflammation of the nasal cavity may also lead to hyposmia or anosmia. Although various environmental agents induce inflammation in different ways via distinct cellular and molecular interactions, nasal inflammation has similar consequences on the structure and homeostatic function of the olfactory bulb (OB) which is the first relay center for olfactory information in the brain. Atrophy of the OB occurs via thinning of the superficial OB layers including the olfactory nerve layer, glomerular layer, and superficial external plexiform layer. Intrabulbar circuits of the OB which include connectivity between OB projection neurons, OSNs, and interneurons become significantly dysregulated in which synaptic pruning and dendritic retraction take place. Furthermore, glial cells and other immune cells become hyperactivated and induce a state of inflammation in the OB which results in upregulated cytokine production. Moreover, many of these features of nasal inflammation are present in the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review summarizes the impact of nasal inflammation on the morphological and physiological features of the rodent OB.

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Section: Consequences Of Ob Inflammation On Different Olfactory Bulb ...mentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Alterations To Olfactory Bulb Anatomy In Animal Models Of Na...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alterations To Olfactory Bulb Anatomy In Animal Models Of Na...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Olfactory Bulb Immune and Inflammatory Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of nasal inflammation on the olfactory bulb

LaFever

Imamura

2022

J Neuroinflammation

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“…In conclusion, these inflammatory mediators affect the activity of neural cells with their cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Activated neural cells can promote the release of inflammatory mediators and form abnormal “nose‐brain communication” between each other under pathological conditions, leading to persistent olfactory neuron damage and olfactory function deterioration in AR patients (LaFever et al, 2022; Yang & Zhou, 2019).…”

Section: “Nose‐brain Communication” Mechanism Of Ar‐related Neurologi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain response in allergic rhinitis: Profile and proposal

Wang

Song

Wei

et al. 2022

J of Neuroscience Research

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In addition to typical nasal symptoms, patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) will further lead to symptoms related to brain function such as hyposmia, anxiety, depression, cognitive impairment, memory loss, etc., which seriously affect the quality of life of patients and bring a heavy burden to the patient's family and society. Some scholars have speculated that there may be potential “nose‐brain communication” mechanism in AR that rely on neuro‐immunity. This mechanism plays an important role in AR‐associated brain response process. However, no study has directly demonstrated which neural circuits will change in the connection between the nose and brain during the onset of AR, and the mechanism which underlines this question is also lack. Focusing on the topic of “nose‐brain communication”, this paper systematically summarizes the latest research progress between AR and related brain responses and discusses the mechanism of AR‐related neurological phenotypes. Hope new diagnostic and therapeutic targets to ameliorate the brain function‐related symptoms and improve the quality of life of AR patients will be developed.

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Olfaction Now and in the Future in CRSwNP

Qureshi

Lane

2023

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the leading cause of olfactory dysfunction in the general population. Olfactory dysfunction is more common in patients with CRS with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) compared to those without polyps. Purpose The present review aims to summarize the current literature on the mechanism behind olfactory dysfunction in CRSwNP and the impact of therapy on olfactory outcomes in this patient population. Methods A comprehensive review of the available literature on olfaction in CRSwNP was performed. We evaluated the most recent evidence from studies on the mechanisms behind smell loss in CRSwNP and the impact of medical and surgical therapy for CRS on olfactory outcomes. Results The mechanism behind olfactory dysfunction in CRSwNP is not completely understood, but evidence from clinical research and animal models suggests both an obstructive component causing conductive olfactory loss and an inflammatory response in the olfactory cleft leading to sensorineural olfactory loss. Oral steroids and endoscopic sinus surgery have both shown efficacy in improving olfactory outcomes in CRSwNP in the short term; however, the long-term response of these treatments remains uncertain. Newer targeted biologic therapies, such as dupilumab, have also shown remarkable and durable improvement in smell loss for CRSwNP patients. Conclusion Olfactory dysfunction is highly prevalent in the CRSwNP population. Although significant advances have been made in our understanding of olfactory dysfunction in the setting of CRS, additional studies are needed to elucidate cellular and molecular changes mediated by type 2-mediated inflammation in the olfactory epithelium with potential downstream effects on the central olfactory system. Further identification of these underlying basic mechanisms will be vital for developing future therapies targeted to improve olfactory dysfunction in patients with CRSwNP.

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Pathological consequences of chronic olfactory inflammation on neurite morphology of olfactory bulb projection neurons

Cited by 3 publications

References 93 publications

Effects of nasal inflammation on the olfactory bulb

Effects of nasal inflammation on the olfactory bulb

Brain response in allergic rhinitis: Profile and proposal

Olfaction Now and in the Future in CRSwNP

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