Pathological studies and detection of different bovine papilloma virus types in buffalo cutaneous warts

Abstract

Bovine papillomatosis (BP) is distributed worldwide among cattle but is relatively less common in buffaloes. Prevalence of this disease is established in buffaloes from India (1,2) and Italy (3) caused by bovine papilloma virus (BPV). BPV is a nonenveloped double stranded DNA virus with icosahedral symmetry that infects the cutaneous and mucosal epithelia inducing hyperplastic lesions. Viral capsid proteins production takes place only in productive infections. The virion particles assemble in the granular and cornified layers; mature virus particles are released on disintegration of dead squamous cells (4). So far, 13 different BPV types have been identified and characterized. These are classified as Deltapapillomavirus (BPV-1, -2, and -13), Epsilonpapillomavirus (BPV-5 and -8), and Xipapillomavirus , with the exception of BPV-7, which belongs to an as yet unassigned papillomavirus genus (5-8). Papillomatosis in buffaloes was reviewed and it was opined that it is an almost unknown disease in buffaloes and is caused by BPV-1 and -2 or their mixed infections. Once infection of BPV establishes in buffaloes, it spread from buffalo to buffalo, with no intermediate involvement of cattle (2). Various markers are expressed during cell division, each with a specific function. Expression of Ki-67 nuclear antigen in all phases of the cell-cycle except for G 0 has been recently found to be the most reliable indicator of cellular proliferation (9). Keeping the above in mind, the present work was carried out with the objective to study the occurrence and association of different BPV types with cutaneous warts (CWs) in Indian buffaloes, and their pathomorphological assessment.CWs/tumor biopsies from buffaloes were collected from the Referral Veterinary Polyclinic IVRI, Izatnagar, Government Veterinary Hospitals, different villages around Bareilly, India, and two archived samples from West Bengal, India. Biopsies were collected after administration of local anesthesia around the growth, samples were preserved in 10% buffered formalin for histopathological studies, and a part of samples showing gross lesions were also stored in sterile vials at -20 °C for molecular studies. Detailed gross observations with specific locations of growths/ wart-like lesions were recorded. After proper fixation, the representative tissues were dehydrated in increasing grades of alcohol, cleared in xylene, and embedded in paraffin blocks. Sections with 4-5 µm thickness were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) as per the conventional procedure.DNA was extracted from the tissue samples using the Genomic DNA Mini Kit as per the manufacturer's Abstract: Bovine papillomatosis is a common viral disease of cattle but is relatively less common in buffaloes. Bovine papilloma virus (BPV) -1 and -2 are mostly associated with cutaneous warts in buffaloes. The aim of the present work was to study the pathomorphology and association of different BPV types in buffalo cutaneous warts. A total of 10 cases were included in the present study, which reveale...

L1 Gene based Molecular Characterization of Bovine Papillomavirus Type 1 (BPV1) Isolated from Cutaneous Warts of Cattle, Maharashtra

“…It revealed that out of total 10 cutaneous wart tissue samples, only six cattle were positive for BPV-1 while all the samples were found negative for BPV-2 (Fig 1). Similar finding was observed by Jangir et al (2013), Kumar et al (2013) where they reported overall, 68.75% (11/16) and 56.25% (9/16) positivity for BPV-1 and BPV-2, respectively. BPV-1 and BPV-2 in the cutaneous warts of cattle (Pangty et al 2010;Kumar et al, 2013a andKumar et al, 2013b), buffalo (Singh and Somvanshi 2010;Kumar et al, 2013a) and yak (Bam et al, 2012).…”

Pathomorphology of Papilloma Tumor in Cattle Based on Macroscopic and Microscopic

“…Histopathological analysis, papilloma (exophytic), there was moderate to severe hyperkeratosis, squamous epithelial cell proliferation such as finger-like shape in the fibrovascular area, as well as hypergranulosis in the granulosum stratum similar to the report Ayman and Das [17] and Al-Salihi et al [13]. Microscopically, exophytic type fibropapilloma is the most common type and also endophytic type fibropapilloma which can lead to malignant fibrosarcoma [18].…”

Molecular detection and immunopathological examination of Deltapapillomavirus 4 in skin and udder of Egyptian cattle

“…Concerning the obtained results, it was noticed that all of the infected cases were cattle while there were no clinical cases of buffaloes and this agrees with that recorded by Jangir et al . [ 25 ] and Somvanshi [ 26 ]. Although there are many successive trials of identification and characterization of some BPVs in buffalos [ 27 , 28 ], especially that cross-species infection was recorded in cases within mixed herd systems [ 29 ].…”