Pathological studies on the southern blight of China aster (Callistephus chinensis) caused by Sclerotium rolfsii

Mahadevakumar, S.; Chandana, C.; Deepika, Yelandur Somaraju; Sumashri, K.S.; Yadav, Vandana; Janardhana, G. R.

doi:10.1007/s10658-017-1415-2

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…(Cucurbita maxima Duchesne), wild coffee (Psychotria nervosa Sw.) and many other host plants (Mahadevakumar, Tejaswini, Shilpa, et al, 2015;Mahadevakumar, Chandana, et al, 2018;. It is also reported to cause disease on orchids (epiphytic plant) (Yu et al, 2019) and on other economically important crops (Cer & Morca, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of white fluffy colonies from the infected leaves, (Mahadevakumar, Tejaswini, Shilpa, et al, 2015;Mahadevakumar et al, 2018;Mordue, 1974;Punja et al, 1982;Saccardo, 1931).…”

Section: Isolation Of the Fungal Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During 2017-2018, West Bengal was the top producer (2288.5 metric tonnes; 25.32%) followed by Orissa (1058.78 metric tonnes; 11.72%) and Madhya Pradesh (686.91 metric tonnes: 7.60%). Karnataka is the leading cabbage producer among the southern states, ranked 11th in the country with production of 233.4 metric tonnes during -2018(NHB, 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular detection and pathological investigations on southern blight disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii on cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata): A new record in India

Tejaswini

Mahadevakumar

Sowmya

et al. 2022

Journal of Phytopathology

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A severe outbreak of foot rot and head rot disease of cabbage was observed during September 2017 to November 2019 in major cabbage growing regions of southern Karnataka state of India. The disease incidence ranged between 3% and 28%. The initial symptoms were observed as tan, water‐soaked lesions at the point of infection and development of mycelia, followed by quick wilting of the whole plant. Subsequently, numerous sclerotia were produced. The pathogen isolated on PDA medium produced white fluffy aerial mycelia and numerous reddish‐brown sclerotia after 7−10 days. A total of 18 fungal isolates were used for mycelial compatibility analysis. Isolate SrBoC28 was used to test for pathogenicity on cabbage, marigold, chilli and brinjal plants. Typical disease symptoms on leaves, stem and roots were evident 5, 8 and 10 days’ post‐inoculation respectively. The isolate was pathogenic on all tested hosts, and the identity was confirmed by re‐isolation and morpho‐cultural and molecular studies. The latter were based on amplification of ITS‐rDNA and phylogenetic analysis which showed 100% sequence similarity with reference sequences. The identity was confirmed as S. rolfsii. This is a well‐known pathogen and causes disease on various economically important crop plants. To date, there are no reports on the association between S. rolfsii and foot and head rot disease of cabbage in India and elsewhere. Thus, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of foot rot and head rot of cabbage caused by S. rolfsii in India.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of white fluffy colonies from the infected leaves, (Mahadevakumar, Tejaswini, Shilpa, et al, 2015;Mahadevakumar et al, 2018;Mordue, 1974;Punja et al, 1982;Saccardo, 1931).…”

Section: Isolation Of the Fungal Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular detection and pathological investigations on southern blight disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii on cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata): A new record in India

Tejaswini

Mahadevakumar

Sowmya

et al. 2022

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Koch’s postulates were performed to confirm the organismal association with the disease, and healthy leaves were inoculated with the conidial/spore suspension of N. vitis (10 6 conidia per ml) of the isolated fungal pathogen (isolate N. vitis MZ03) on 30 leaves by detached leaf assay method by following the protocols of Mahadevakumar and Janardhana (2014) and Mahadevakumar et al . (2018). The control leaves were inoculated with sterile distilled water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and molecular characterization of Neopestalotiopsis vitis associated with leaf blight disease of Manilkara zapota —a new record from India

Nuthan

Meghavarshinigowda

Maharachchikumbura

et al. 2021

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Sapota is an important horticultural crop grown in India, and Karnataka is a major producer of sapota. A characteristic leaf blight disease was observed in Southern Karnataka during field surveys conducted in 2019 with an incidence of 13–22% in approximately 45 ha of sapota field. The leaf blight‐associated pathogen was isolated on the potato dextrose agar medium. A total of 12 isolates obtained from each location were identified culturally and morphologically. Based on the morphological and cultural features, the pathogen was identified as Pestalotiopsis or Neopestalotiopsis, which was further confirmed by molecular identification using a representative isolate (MZ03). The ITS rDNA and β‐tubulin genes were amplified and sequenced using ITS1/ITS4 and T1/T22 primer pairs respectively. nBLAST search analysis and concatenated (ITS‐rDNA and TUB2 loci) phylogenetic analysis confirmed the pathogen identity as Neopestalotiopsis vitis. Pathogenicity tests conducted on detached leaves by inoculation with a conidial suspension of N. vitis produced typical blight symptoms after 4–5 days and progressed to cover the entire leaf lamina after 10–12 days. The pathogen’s identity was confirmed after re‐isolation by cultural and morphological features. Although Pestalotiopsis clavispora and Pestalotiopsis versicolor causing diseases on sapota seedlings and trees have been reported, no reports are available for the occurrence of N. vitis to sapota from India. This is the first report of N. vitis associated with leaf blight disease of sapota from India.

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“…Mahadevakumar et al 2018). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA 35 were amplified with the primers ITS1/ITS4(White et al 1990).…”

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confidence: 99%

First Report of Southern Blight on Polygonatum sibiricum Caused by Sclerotium delphinii in China

Chen

Deng

et al. 2021

Plant Disease

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Polygonatum sibiricum Delar. ex Redoute is a plant species used for medicine and food. On one hand, its rhizomes have potential medicinal values such as enhancing immunity, anti-aging, anti-tumor and antibacterial as well as the effects of improving memory and reducing blood lipid and sugar. On the other hand, the rhizomes can also be used as raw materials for drinks, preserves, and health products (Su et al. 2018). The annual demand of P. sibiricum is about 3500-4000 tons in China, and the market demands and the price continue to rise in recent years (Su et al. 2018). In August 2019, there was an outbreak of southern blight in the P. sibiricum planting fields (N30°04′06″, E115°39′47″) of Luotian County in Hubei province of China. Approximately 30% of plants were affected in many fields (333.33 ha). We observed that the surface of the infected rhizome and the surrounding soils were covered with white hyphae and sclerotia. The hyphae gradually extended downward to the rhizomes, causing rhizome rot and leaf yellowing and wilting. Mycelial fragments and sclerotia from ten symptomatic rhizomes were collected in the fields and incubated directly on potato dextrose agar (PDA containing 50 µg/ml kanamycin) at 27℃. The fungal colonies were transferred to PDA after two days of cultivation. The white colonies were formed with fluffy aerial mycelia, which grew radially with an average growth rate of 20.54±0.52 mm/d (n=10). The color of the sclerotia was milky white at first, and then gradually turned to beige and yellow-brown. After two-week-incubation, the sclerotia became dark brown. Most of the sclerotia were spherical or nearly spherical, with round-bulges on the surface. The number of mature sclerotia produced per plate ranged from 8-23 (n=10), and the size ranged from 2.5×3.0 mm to 7.5×13.0 mm (5.95 ± 2.34×7.51 ± 2.88 mm; n=50). In addition, clamp connections were observed under the microscope. For molecular identification, genomic DNA was extracted from isolate HJ-1 using the CTAB method (Mahadevakumar et al. 2018). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA were amplified with the primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990). The resulting showed ITS sequence (Accession number: MW049362) was 99.66% homology with Sclerotium delphinii according to the GenBank database. In addition, the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene (RBP2) and part of the elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α) gene were amplified by using the primers RPB26F/RPB2-7CR (Liu et al. 1999) and EF595F/EF1160R, respectively (Wendland and Kothe 1997). RPB2 gene sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession number: MW415935), and was 99.53% similarity identity to Athelia rolfsii isolate MSB5-1. TEF-1α sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession number: MW415934), and was 91.35% similarity to S. delphinii strain Sd_405. Because there are very few reference sequences of RPB2 genes from S. delphinii in GenBank to compare, we choose the ITS and TEF-1α gene sequences to construct the concatenated phylogenetic tree by the neighbor-joining method (Tamura et al. 2013). The results showed that HJ-1 was clustered with S. delphinii isolates selected from NCBI database. Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, the fungus was identified as S. delphinii Welch (teleomorph Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) C.C. Tu & Kimbr). Pathogenicity tests were performed on the healthy leaves, roots, stems and plants (n=3) of P. sibiricum. Each sample was inoculated with one sclerotia produced from a fifteen-day-old colony and there was on wound treatment. These inoculated and control samples (treated with sterile water) were incubated in a moist chamber (25 ± 2 °C, RH 85%) (Mahadevakumar et al. 2018). Typical disease symptoms were apparent on leaves, stems, rhizomes and plants at 4, 6, 5 and 15 days post inoculation, respectively. Fulfilling Koch’s postulates, the fungal pathogens were isolated and purified from the inoculated site and were reconfirmed as S. delphinii based on the morphological features. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of S. delphinii causing southern blight on P. sibiricum in China. S. delphinii has a wide host range worldwide and often causes crop yield reduction. This study will be helpful for the prevention and control of P. sibiricum southern blight in the future.

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Pathological studies on the southern blight of China aster (Callistephus chinensis) caused by Sclerotium rolfsii

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Molecular detection and pathological investigations on southern blight disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii on cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata): A new record in India

Molecular detection and pathological investigations on southern blight disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii on cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata): A new record in India

Morphological and molecular characterization of Neopestalotiopsis vitis associated with leaf blight disease of Manilkara zapota —a new record from India

First Report of Southern Blight on Polygonatum sibiricum Caused by Sclerotium delphinii in China

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