Pathology and Treatment of Psoriasis Using Nanoformulations

Abstract

Psoriasis (PSO) is an inflammatory skin condition that causes a variety of diseases and significantly decreases the life characteristics of patients, and substantially diminishes patients’ quality of life. PSO usually impairs the skin and is linked to various disorders. Inflammation pathology does not only damage psoriatic skin; it shows how PSO impinges other body parts. Many variables interact with one another and can impact the etiology of psoriasis directly or indirectly. PSO has an effect on approximately 2% of the world’s population, and significant progress has been made in comprehending and treating the alternative PSO by novel drug delivery systems. Topical, systemic, biological, biomaterials, and phototherapy are some of the useful therapies for PSO. Nonetheless, topical treatments remain the gold standard for treating moderate PSO. The applicability of several nanocarrier systems, such as lipid nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, and certain phytocompounds, has been briefly explored. The present review focuses mainly on traditional therapeutic strategies as well as on breakthroughs in nanoformulations and drug delivery methods for several anti-psoriatic drugs.

Recent Approaches for the Topical Treatment of Psoriasis Using Nanoparticles

“…Polymeric nanoparticles offer controlled release of the active substances, ensuring a prolonged therapeutic effect and minimizing the need for frequent application [ 196 ]. Nanogels or dendrimers could be effective in guttate psoriasis because they provide sustained release, suitable for treating the dispersed lesions characteristic of guttate PSO [ 197 ]. Dendrimers also have potential anti-inflammatory properties, making them suitable for targeting guttate psoriasis lesions [ 198 ].…”

“…For the pustular type, lipid-based nanoparticles like SLNs or NLCs may be beneficial, as they can encapsulate both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, offering flexibility in drug delivery. Additionally, their lipid composition can provide moisturizing effects, which are beneficial for managing the dry, inflamed skin associated with pustular psoriasis [ 95 , 197 ]. Nanoemulsions could be effective delivery systems in the case of the inverse PSO, as they can offer enhanced skin penetration and drug solubilization, making them suitable for targeting the folds and creases [ 115 , 122 ].…”