Pathology of Cystoid Macular Edema

Tso, Mark O.M.

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(82)34698-9

Cited by 212 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…SRD is defined as subfoveal accumulation of fluid within a well defined area of retinal detachment. [7][8][9][10][11] Bevacizumab is a complete full-length humanized antibody that binds to all subtypes of vascular endothelial growth factor and its intravitreal administration has been proved in several studies to be effective in the treatment of diabetic macular oedema (DMO). However, only a few publications addressed the issue of why some eyes respond to this treatment better than others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on different optical coherence tomographic patterns of diabetic macular oedema

Koytak

Altınışık

Sarı

et al. 2013

Eye

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Purpose The aim of this study is to compare the therapeutic effect of a single intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection in eyes with diabetic macular oedema (DMO) of different patterns determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods Medical records of patients who had a single IVB injection for DMO were analysed retrospectively. Eyes with a clinically significant DMO and a central foveal thickness (CFT) of 250 lm or more determined by OCT were included in the analysis. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), CFT and total macular volume values before and after the injection were recorded. Eyes were divided into sponge-like diffuse retinal thickening (DRT), cystoid macular oedema (CMO) and serous retinal detachment (SRD) groups according to the morphology on OCT. Results A total of 92 eyes (42 with DRT, 31 with CMO and 19 with SRD) were included in the study. There was no statistically significant variation between three groups regarding the change in BCVA (P ¼ 0.695). CMO and SRD groups had greater reductions in their mean CFT, and the amount of reduction showed statistically significant variation between three groups (P ¼ 0.048). However, no statistically significant difference was found between groups in terms of percentage of change in CFT (P ¼ 0.278). Conclusion CMO and SRD subtypes are associated with a greater reduction in the CFT than the DRT subtype. Although the change in BCVA was not significantly different between groups, the DRT group showed markedly better visual improvement in proportion to the decrease in CFT.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on different optical coherence tomographic patterns of diabetic macular oedema

Koytak

Altınışık

Sarı

et al. 2013

Eye

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“…Inflammation in the vitreous, as described by Gass, represents a consistent finding in eyes with postoperative CME. This has been also documented in specimens of vitreous aspiration, where inflammatory cells were identified (Tso et al, 1982;Flach et al, 1998). In general, intraocular surgery seems to trigger the accumulation of macrophages and neutrophils that are further activated by circulating inflammatory agents, including cyclooxygenase and lipooxygenase metabolites, proteolytic agents and more, leading to the appearance of clinical signs of inflammation (perilimbal injection and anterior chamber flare).…”

Section: Pathogenesis Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 65%

Macular Edema and Cataract Surgery

Tsika¹,

Diakonis²,

Karavitaki³

et al. 2013

Cataract Surgery

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“…[13][14][15] ICG hyperfluorescence was delineated in the nerve fibres, suggesting at least intake of ICG into the ganglion cells. 40 Based on the shape, area, and array, the welldemarcated ICG hyperfluorescence implicated ICG intake into the Mü ller cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…12 In addition, histologic studies have reported that cystoid spaces in eyes with macular oedema are the primary structural changes in the retinal parenchyma. [13][14][15] Cystoid spaces reside mainly in the inner nuclear layers (INLs) and outer plexiform layer (OPL), [16][17][18] although it remains to be determined how the cystoid spaces develop in these layers in DMO. Electron microscopy has shown intracytoplasmic swelling of the Mü ller cells in macular oedema and the accumulated extracellular fluids in the retinal parenchyma, [13][14][15] although the differences in the cystoid spaces based on the clinical findings have not been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between cystoid spaces on indocyanine green hyperfluorescence and optical coherence tomography after vitrectomy for diabetic macular oedema

Yoshitake

Murakami

Uji

et al. 2014

Eye

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Purpose To study retrospectively the characteristics of residual indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence after ICG-assisted vitrectomy and the association with spectraldomain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings in diabetic macular oedema (DMO). Methods Thirteen consecutive eyes of 12 patients for whom fundus near-infrared fluorescence and 201 retinal sectional images were obtained using HRA2 and Spectralis OCT, respectively, 5 days after vitrectomy combined with ICG-assisted inner limiting membrane peeling for DMO. The relationship between the characteristics of the ICG hyperfluorescence and the cystoid spaces in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) on SD-OCT images was evaluated. Results A total of 390 well-demarcated areas of ICG hyperfluorescence were delineated on 201 radial OCT scans dissecting the fovea 5 days after vitrectomy. The areas of ICG hyperfluorescence in the parafovea or perifovea were significantly smaller than those at the fovea. Most areas of hyperfluorescence were irregularly shaped in the parafovea and perifovea, whereas 18 of 38 areas of hyperfluorescence were round or oval at the fovea (Po0.001). SD-OCT delineated the cystoid spaces in the OPL in 73 areas of hyperfluorescence that were round or oval and accompanied by dark spots more frequently than that without cystoid spaces on OCT images (Po0.001 and P ¼ 0.002). Of the 123 cystoid spaces in the OPL on OCT images, 44 did not have ICG hyperfluorescence, had lower OCT reflectivity, and contained fewer hyperreflective foci than those with ICG hyperfluorescence (Po0.001 and P ¼ 0.020). Conclusion The results provided novel interpretations of the ICG hyperfluorescence and its association with OCT characteristics of the cystoid spaces in DMO.

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Pathology of Cystoid Macular Edema

Cited by 212 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of a single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on different optical coherence tomographic patterns of diabetic macular oedema

Effect of a single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on different optical coherence tomographic patterns of diabetic macular oedema

Macular Edema and Cataract Surgery

Association between cystoid spaces on indocyanine green hyperfluorescence and optical coherence tomography after vitrectomy for diabetic macular oedema

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