Pathology of Naturally Occurring Paratuberculosis in Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Abstract

Abstract. Gross and histologic lesions of paratuberculosis were studied in water buffaloes. Small intestines and associated mesenteric lymph nodes of 405 water buffaloes were examined. Of these, 20 animals having visible changes of intestinal thickening, mucosal corrugations, and enlargement of mesenteric lymph nodes exhibited histologic alteration characteristics of mild to moderate granulomatous inflammation. The histologic lesions observed in these animals were classified into 3 grades on the basis of type of cellular infiltration, granuloma formation, and presence of acid-fast bacilli. Grade-1 lesions observed in 8 animals were marked by the presence of scattered epithelioid macrophages amid large number of lymphocytes in the intestinal villi and in the paracortical regions of the associated mesenteric lymph nodes. Another 8 animals classified under grade-2 revealed microgranulomas, infiltration with a larger number of epithelioid macrophages besides lymphocytes in the intestinal villi, and granulomas in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Grade-3 lesions observed in 4 animals were characterized by the presence of epithelioid granulomas and giant cells in the intestines and the mesenteric lymph nodes. The Ziehl-Neelsen's stained tissue sections revealed acid-fast bacilli in grade-3 and -2 animals and acid-fast granular debris in grade-1 animals. Among these 20 buffaloes, 14 (70%) were positive in the IS900 specific polymerase chain reaction and 6 (30%) were positive in the bacterial culture.

Mycobacterium avium ssp . paratuberculosis detection in animals, food, water and other sources or vehicles of human exposure: A scoping review of the existing evidence

“…Prevalence of M. paratuberculosis in suspect Johne's disease dairy cattle by fecal culture was reported to be 50% in Egypt and 41% by culture or 32% by ELISA in Brazil (Salem et al, 2005;Ristow et al, 2007). Meta-analysis of results from buffalo suspected of Johne's disease in Pakistan and India were M. paratuberculosis positive in 12% of cases (95%CI 11-15, I 2 0%) by PCR, 5% (2-10, I 2 0%) by ELISA and 7% (0-27, I 2 99%) by visual confirmation (Sivakumar et al, 2006;Khan et al, 2010;Sikandar et al, 2012). Suspected Johne's disease in beef and dairy cattle from Europe and Asia were M. paratuberculosis positive in 16.8% of cases (10.9-23.7, I 2 91%) by PCR and culture (Branciari et al, 2008;Kaur et al, 2010;Khan et al, 2010;Munster et al, 2011).…”

Paratuberculose em ruminantes no Brasil

“…A partir das informações disponíveis, nota-se que bovinos leiteiros são os mais afetados; há descrições nesta espécie nas cinco regiões do país: na região nordeste, nos estados de Pernambuco (Mota et al 2007) e Paraíba (Oliveira et al 2008, Mota et al 2009); na região sudeste nos estados do Rio de Janeiro (Dupont 1915, Santos e Silva 1956, Dacorso et al 1960, Silva & Pizelli 1961, Ferreira et al 2003, Ristow et al 2007, São Paulo (Fonseca et al 2000) e Minas Gerais (Nakajima et al 1991, Carvalho 2008; na região Sul, em Santa Catarina (Portugal et al 1979), Rio Grande do Sul (Ramos et al 1986, Driemeier et al 1999, Gomes et al 2002; na região centroeste, nos estados de Mato Grosso do Sul (Riveira 1996) e Goiás (Cunha et al 2003, Acypreste et al 2005 e na região norte, no estado do Pará (Silva 2005). Na espé-cie bubalina, apesar de ser considerado menos susceptível à infecção pelo Map em relação aos bovinos (Sivakumar et al 2006), foram relatados, até o momento, casos clínicos de paratuberculose em duas regiões do país; o primeiro caso foi descrito na região nordeste, estado de Pernambuco por Mota et al (2010), em seguida por Barbosa et al (2010) no estado de Maranhão. Posteriormente, Dalto et al (2012) relataram um rebanho bubalino infectado por Map na região Sul, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul.…”

Bio-incidence of bovine Johne’s disease in dairy buffaloes in Central and North India using sensitive goat based ‘indigenous elisa kit’ and traditional tests

“…In another large study by Singh et al, (2008a) In another study, Ziehl-Neelsen"s stained tissue sections revealed acid-fast bacilli in grade-3 and grade-2 buffaloes and acid-fast granular debris were present in grade-1 buffalo. Out of 20 buffaloes, 14 (70%) were positive by IS900 PCR and 6 (30%) were positive by MAP culture (Sivakumar et al, 2006). Singh et al (2014b) screened 25 young Murrah bulls, 14 (56.0%) were positive for BJD.…”

“…Buffalo population increased at annual growth rate of 3.3%, (135 million in 1991 to 165 million in 2007); however, major population is concentrated in four countries, India (61%), China (20%), Pakistan (13%) and Egypt (2.2%) (Soliman, 2009). Buffalo rearing plays significant role in alleviation of poverty, provides gainful employment and livelihood security to millions of individual farmers and commercial dairy farmers in rural communities of India (Sivakumar et al, 2006).…”