Pathology of Udder Lesions in Sows

Christensen, R. V.; Aalbæk, Bent; Jensen, Henrik Elvang

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0442.2007.00952.x

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…ST22 asymptomatic carriage and infections have been reported in companion animals in the UK [29], Ireland [30] and Germany [31], where this clone is prevalent in the human population. The occurrence of EMRSA-15 in companion animals is hypothesized to be a consequence of transmission from humans [4], [29], [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Host Specificity of Human- and Pig- Associated Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Lineages

et al. 2012

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Bacterial adhesion is a crucial step in colonization of the skin. In this study, we investigated the differential adherence to human and pig corneocytes of six Staphylococcus aureus strains belonging to three human-associated [ST8 (CC8), ST22 (CC22) and ST36(CC30)] and two pig-associated [ST398 (CC398) and ST433(CC30)] clonal lineages, and their colonization potential in the pig host was assessed by in vivo competition experiments. Corneocytes were collected from 11 humans and 21 pigs using D-squame® adhesive discs, and bacterial adherence to corneocytes was quantified by a standardized light microscopy assay. A previously described porcine colonization model was used to assess the potential of the six strains to colonize the pig host. Three pregnant, S. aureus-free sows were inoculated intravaginally shortly before farrowing with different strain mixes [mix 1) human and porcine ST398; mix 2) human ST36 and porcine ST433; and mix 3) human ST8, ST22, ST36 and porcine ST398] and the ability of individual strains to colonize the nasal cavity of newborn piglets was evaluated for 28 days after birth by strain-specific antibiotic selective culture. In the corneocyte assay, the pig-associated ST433 strain and the human-associated ST22 and ST36 strains showed significantly greater adhesion to porcine and human corneocytes, respectively (p<0.0001). In contrast, ST8 and ST398 did not display preferential host binding patterns. In the in vivo competition experiment, ST8 was a better colonizer compared to ST22, ST36, and ST433 prevailed over ST36 in colonizing the newborn piglets. These results are partly in agreement with previous genetic and epidemiological studies indicating the host specificity of ST22, ST36 and ST433 and the broad-host range of ST398. However, our in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed an unexpected ability of ST8 to adhere to porcine corneocytes and persist in the nasal cavity of pigs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Host Specificity of Human- and Pig- Associated Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Lineages

et al. 2012

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“…These disorders are manifested in reduced litter sizes, hard and long deliveries, delivery of weak piglets, and a lack of desire for mating in boars due to soreness in the extremities. An important issue in pig farming is also the need for early culling of sows from the breeding herd on farms infected with T. pyogenes (Jones and Ward 1989, Christensen et al 2007, Azuma et al 2009). The necessity to cull the sows is mainly associated with the occurrence of lesions in the reproductive system, leading to infertility, embryonic death, abortion, disorders of the menstrual cycle and the resulting lack of heat (Lehnen et al 2006, Hijazin et al 2011.…”

Section: T Pyogenes Infections Of Reproductive Tract In Sowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, the malnourished piglets become weak, runted and usually die within the first few days of life (these are "minus variants"). Damage to the mammary gland caused by infection with T. pyogenes also contributes to increased aggressiveness of sows induced by the pain felt during the act of sucking (Waage et al 1999, Christensen et al 2007, Murakami et al 2011. …”

Section: T Pyogenes Infections Of Reproductive Tract In Sowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The species which is the most often isolated from diseased pigs is T. pyogenes (Christensen et al 2007, Azuma et al 2009, which, as a common commensal of the skin and mucosae of the respiratory, genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts, gives rise to purulent lesions in the co-presence of a variety of risk factors (Bradley 2002, Hassan et al 2009). The development of endogenous infections is fostered, among others, by inflammation-initiating mechanical injuries, injuries to the skin and other tissues, or improperly performed surgical procedures (Sundberg 2000, Lin et al 2010, Al-Tarazi et al 2012.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Trueperella pyogenes infections in swine: clinical course and pathology

Jarosz¹,

Grądzki²,

Kalinowski³

2014

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Trueperella pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen causing purulent infections in pigs and other animal species. T. pyogenes infections in pigs are local and/or generalized depending on the immune status of the animals, their individual susceptibility and environmental factors. The occurrence of these infections on pig farms causes substantial economic losses in breeding and rearing. In sows from the breeding herd, the disease leads to infertility, embryonic death, abortion, and disorders of the menstrual cycle and lactation. Mastitis is the major cause of losses in piglets. Disorders of the musculoskeletal system, including inflammatory polyarthritis, fractures and degenerative joint disease results in the culling of animals with high breeding value. In other technological groups, multi-organ inflammations and movement disorders dominate, leading to a reduction of the slaughter value and elimination of pigs from breeding. Understanding of the clinical and pathological aspects of T. pyogenes infections in pigs will enable the development of effective methods of combating this disease on pig farms.

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“…In contrast, by adopting observation and palpation as their diagnostic method, researchers in Sweden reported that 16% to 19% of sows at 76 farms had granulomatous mastitis in 1999 [4]. In addition, a study performed in Denmark revealed that, at the time of meat inspection, and using inspection and palpation with incision performed if the nature of the lesion was uncertain, 10.5% of slaughterhouse sow carcasses had udder lesions [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification, bacteriological findings, and analysis of sex hormone receptors and cytokine expression in mammary lesions of abattoir sows

Shin

Lim

et al. 2019

J Vet Sci

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Mammary lesions in sows can prevent suckling piglets from consuming colostrum that provides fundamental nutrients and protective immunity. Although mammary gross lesions are frequently found in sows at farms or slaughterhouses, with the exception of mastitis, they have received little research attention. In this study, we investigated mammary lesions observed in South Korean sows between 2015 and 2016. Mammary tissue samples of 82 sows showing gross lesions during meat inspection were histologically classified and immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to assess the expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-α, ER-β, and progesterone receptor (PR) for mammary hyperplastic lesions as well as that of cluster of differentiation (CD) 3, CD79a, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 for mastitis. Furthermore, 20 swab samples were cultured, and the isolated bacteria were identified using polymerase chain reactions for 16S ribosomal RNA genes. The lesions were classified as hyperplasia, mastitis, or hyperplasia with mastitis. Immunohistochemistry results revealed that there was neither expression of ER-α nor of ER-β, but all examined hyperplastic samples expressed PR. In addition, there was a significant correlation between CD3 and IL-1β expressions, as well as between IL-1β and IL-6 expressions. Regarding the identity of the isolated bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. were most frequently detected. The results of this study have revealed the incidence and characteristics of porcine mammary lesions.

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Pathology of Udder Lesions in Sows

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Comparative Host Specificity of Human- and Pig- Associated Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Lineages

Comparative Host Specificity of Human- and Pig- Associated Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Lineages

Trueperella pyogenes infections in swine: clinical course and pathology

Classification, bacteriological findings, and analysis of sex hormone receptors and cytokine expression in mammary lesions of abattoir sows

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