Pathomorphological Changes of the Myocardium in Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)

Janus, Izabela; Nowak, Marcin; Madej, Janusz A.

doi:10.1515/bvip-2015-0020

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our previous study showed similar changes in atrial specimens from dogs with FID types of lesions in the ventricles. In dogs with the AWF type of ventricular lesions, the changes observed in atria can resemble either AWF or FID types of changes [ 11 ]. The attenuation of cardiomyocytes is a specific pathological feature of DCM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of the histopathologic pattern of the left atrium in canine dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic mitral valve disease

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundDilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and chronic mitral valve disease (CMVD) in dogs are associated with heart chamber enlargement, also of the left atrium. DCM is often accompanied by rhythm disturbances (mainly atrial fibrillation or ventricular arrhythmias). In CMVD, arrhythmias are observed less frequently. It is still unclear whether left atrial enlargement in these diseases results from volume overload or if it is also connected with other factors (e.g. rhythm disturbances).This study was conducted on the left atrial myocardial specimens from 31 dogs, including those from 16 dogs with clinically diagnosed DCM and 15 dogs with CMVD. After fixation and staining (using haematoxylin-eosin and Masson-Goldner trichrome stain), the specimens underwent evaluation. Parenchymal changes (fibrosis, fatty infiltration, and vessel narrowing), degenerative changes (loss of striation, changes in cardiomyocyte structure, and abnormal cell nuclei) and the presence of inflammatory infiltrates were assessed.ResultsMore interstitial fibrosis (median 4 vs. 2.5 grid fields; p < 0.05) and less perivascular fibrosis (median score 1 vs. 2; p < 0.05) was observed in the DCM group compared to the CMVD group. Moreover, less distinct vessel narrowing was observed in the DCM group than in the CMVD group (median lumen area ratio 0.3 vs. 0.26 respectively; p < 0.05). Dogs with DCM showed more strongly defined degenerative changes than the CMVD dogs (median nuclei enlargement score 3 vs. 1, median loss of striation score 3 vs. 2 and median structural alterations score 3 vs. 2, respectively; p < 0.05).ConclusionThe obtained results indicate a different nature of changes occurring in the left atrial myocardium of dogs with DCM compared to dogs with mitral valve disease, including differences in vessel narrowing, cardiomyocyte degeneration and in the distribution of connective tissue.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of the histopathologic pattern of the left atrium in canine dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic mitral valve disease

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, current research suggests that myocardial remodelling is more pronounced in the left atrium than the left ventricle [8, 9]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immunohistochemical evaluation of selected markers in the left atrium of dogs with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy and myxomatous mitral valve disease – a preliminary study

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundDilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) are the most common diseases noted in dogs. Although their pathogenesis varies, both include a significant enlargement of the left atrium.The study was carried out on left atrial specimens obtained from 56 dogs, including those from 34 dogs with clinically diagnosed MMVD, 15 dogs with DCM and 7 dogs without heart disease (control group). Dogs in the MMVD and the DCM groups presented with left atrial enlargement and stage D heart failure. The specimens underwent immunohistochemical examination using desmin, vimentin, periostin and caspase-3 antibodies.ResultsThere were alterations in the expression of the studied proteins in the study groups compared to the control group. The changes included: irregularity of desmin cross-striation and desmosomes, a higher amount of vimentin-positive cells, a change in the periostin expression pattern from cytoplasmic to extracellular, and a lower expression of caspase-3. The alterations were more pronounced in the DCM group than in the MMVD group.ConclusionsDuring heart failure, the pattern of desmin, vimentin, periostin and caspase-3 expression alters in the left atrium, regardless of the cause. The changes are more pronounced in dogs with DCM than in dogs with MMVD and similar left atrial enlargement, suggesting that volume overload may not be the only cause of myocardial changes in DCM.

show abstract

“…1.1, 1.2, 1.6, 1.10, 1.12), there were vascular changes represented by mild medial hypertrophy of intramural arteries. 13,29 A focal chronic mural thrombus was detected in the LA of 1 Great Dane (dog No. 1.10).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…53 More recent studies described further myocardial alterations, such as a change in the cardiomyocyte phenotype (reduced desmin expression), an increase in vimentin-positive cells in the left atrium, a mild mononuclear inflammatory infiltration in the interstitium of both atria and ventricular free walls, 27,28 and hypertrophy of coronary vessel walls. 29…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Diffuse Remodeling, Focal Lesions, and the Involvement of Macrophages and New Vessel Formation

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is among the most common cardiac diseases in dogs. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood, but myocardial remodeling and inflammation are suspected to be involved. The present study aimed to characterize the pathological processes in canine DCM, investigating morphological changes in association with the expression of relevant cytokines and remodeling markers. The myocardium of 17 dogs with DCM and 6 dogs without cardiac diseases was histologically evaluated, and selected cases were further examined by immunohistochemistry, morphometry, and reverse transcription quantitative PCR. In DCM, the myocardium exhibited subtle but statistically significant diffuse quantitative changes. These comprised increased interstitial collagen deposition and macrophage numbers, as well as an overall reduced proportion of contractile tissue. This was accompanied by a significant increase in myocardial transcription of intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) 1, inflammatory cytokines, and remodeling enzymes. Laser microdissection showed that cardiomyocytes transcribed most relevant markers including ICAM-1, tumor necrosis factor α, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP) 1 and TIMP-2. In addition, there were multifocal cell-rich lesions characterized by fibrosis, neovascularization, macrophage infiltration, and cardiomyocyte degeneration. In these, macrophages were often found to express ICAM-1, TGF-β, and vascular endothelial growth factor; the former two were also expressed by cardiomyocytes. These results characterize the diffuse myocardial remodeling processes that occur in DCM. The observed multifocal cell-rich lesions might result from reduced tissue perfusion. Macrophages and cardiomyocytes seem to actively contribute to the remodeling processes, which ultimately lead to cardiac dilation and dysfunction. The precise role of the involved cells and the factors initiating the remodeling process still needs to be identified.

show abstract

Pathomorphological Changes of the Myocardium in Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

A comparison of the histopathologic pattern of the left atrium in canine dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic mitral valve disease

A comparison of the histopathologic pattern of the left atrium in canine dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic mitral valve disease

The immunohistochemical evaluation of selected markers in the left atrium of dogs with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy and myxomatous mitral valve disease – a preliminary study

Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Diffuse Remodeling, Focal Lesions, and the Involvement of Macrophages and New Vessel Formation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About