Pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension development induced by fructose consumption

Xu, Chuanming

doi:10.1039/d1fo03381f

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 172 publications

(222 reference statements)

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“…Additional preclinical investigations that model Asian dietary patterns, and more rigorous clinical and Excess fructose consumption also contributed to the development of insulin resistance in preclinical models, despite the absence of frank hyperglycemia [108,114]. The mechanisms relating to fructose, insulin resistance, and hypertension have been elegantly reviewed by Tran et al [11] and Xu [115]. In general, hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia induced by fructose promoted sympathoexcitation, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic derangements that led to oxidative stress, reduced nitric oxide, and the stimulation of cytokines and immune mechanisms [116][117][118].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Dietary Fructose and High Salt Diet: Are Preclinical Studies Relevant to Asian Societies?

2022

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Fructose consumption, especially in food additives and sugar-sweetened beverages, has gained increasing attention due to its potential association with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The relationship between fructose and a high-salt diet, leading to hypertension and other deleterious cardiovascular parameters, has also become more evident, especially in preclinical studies. However, these studies have been modeled primarily on Western diets. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the dietary habits of individuals from China, Japan, and Korea, in light of the existing preclinical studies, to assess the potential relevance of existing data to East Asian societies. This review is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather to highlight the similarities and differences that should be considered in future preclinical, clinical, and epidemiologic studies regarding the impact of dietary fructose and salt on blood pressure and cardiovascular health worldwide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Dietary Fructose and High Salt Diet: Are Preclinical Studies Relevant to Asian Societies?

2022

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“…Since the type of sugar added to beverages has changed from sucrose to fructose corn syrup (HFCS), intake of fructose increased rapidly. Excessive fructose consumption in adolescents might lead to adverse effects, including obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome ( Williams et al, 2020 ; Xu and Yu, 2022 ). Excessive fructose intake in adolescents may also affect bone health as adolescence is the critical period of bone development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessive fructose intake inhibits skeletal development in adolescent rats via gut microbiota and energy metabolism

Gao

Chen²,

Ma³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Excessive fructose intake from desserts and beverages may influence bone development among adolescents. The gut microbiota (GM) and energy metabolism play important roles in bone development. In this study, 40 female adolescent rats were randomly assigned to the control group, the fructose group with two concentrations, and the glucose group as the positive control group. After 10 weeks, serum glucose and lipids were detected by means of an automatic analyzer, and the bone microstructure was analyzed by Micro-CT. Then, the GM was determined via 16S rRNA sequencing analysis, and energy metabolism was detected by measuring serum carbohydrate metabolites. At last, bone metabolism markers were measured via ELISA kits. The results showed that excessive fructose intake could increase body weight and influence the glucolipid metabolism of female adolescent rats. Meanwhile, the bone microstructures were impaired with excessive fructose intake. Mechanistically, excessive fructose intake shifted the GM of rats with the decrease of Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, and increase of Allobaculum, Lachnospiraceae. Energy metabolism analysis suggested that most metabolites of fructose did not enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle to provide energy for the body’s development. Furthermore, serum bone metabolism markers showed that excessive fructose intake could decrease both bone formation and resorption. Our results suggested that excessive fructose intake could inhibit skeletal development in adolescents. One potential mechanism might be that it affected the intestinal microbiota homeostasis in the juvenile body, thus changing the energy metabolism level, and ultimately affecting the bone metabolic balance.

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“…There are some possible biological mechanisms may explain the association between HFCS sweetened drinks consumption and the risk of hypertension. HFCS sweetened drinks contain high fructose; and high-fructose consumption disrupts the intestinal barrier, increases gut permeability, causes profound gut microbiota dysbiosis, and dysregulates T-lymphocytes [ 15 – 18 ]. With decreased bacterial diversity, the overgrowth of some commensals, and concomitant suppression of others, gut microbiota dysbiosis leads to an altered ratio of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some possible metabolic mechanisms might also explain the positive associations between HFCS sweetened drink consumption and the risk of hypertension [ 15 , 23 , 24 ]. HFCS sweetened drinks are the greatest source of fructose-containing sugars in the diet, and the effect of HFCS sweetened drinks on cardiometabolic diseases is mainly from fructose [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between high fructose corn syrup sweetened drinks, diet soft drinks, and serum sodium: NHANES 2003–2006

Gong

Wang

et al. 2022

Nutr J

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Background Consumption of high fructose corn syrup sweetened drinks and diet soft drinks has increased in the United States. However, the relationship between the intake of high fructose corn syrup sweetened drinks and diet soft drinks, and serum sodium has been scarcely studied. Our objective is to evaluate the relation between intake of high fructose corn syrup sweetened drinks and diet soft drinks, and serum sodium, and explore the possible effect modifiers in a nationally representative sample of adults from the United States. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2006. The study participants included 6989 adults aged ≥18 years. Using survey-weighted generalized linear regression analyses, we investigated the relationship between high fructose corn syrup sweetened drink, diet soft drink consumption, and serum sodium. Consumption of high fructose corn syrup sweetened drinks and diet soft drinks was evaluated through a food-frequency questionnaire. Results Serum sodium levels increased as high fructose corn syrup sweetened drink intake increased. Serum sodium levels were higher in participants in the highest high fructose corn syrup sweetened drink consumption quantile, compared with those in the lowest high fructose corn syrup sweetened drink intake quantile (p = 0.020). The multivariate betas for serum sodium, according to the corresponding high fructose corn syrup sweetened drink intake quantiles, were 0.16, 0.19, and 0.21, respectively (P for trend = 0.051). We found no relationship between diet soft drink consumption and serum sodium after adjustment of confounding. (multivariate P > 0.05). Conclusion There was a a step-wise increase in serum sodium concentration with increasing consumption of HFCS sweetened beverages. Even moderate HFCS sweetened soft drink intake was associated with an elevated serum sodium level - a risk factor for hypertension.

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Pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertension development induced by fructose consumption

Abstract: During the past several decades, there has been a dramatic increase in fructose consumption worldwide in parallel with epidemics of metabolic diseases. Accumulating evidence has suggested that excessive fructose consumption...

Cited by 7 publications

References 172 publications

Impact of Dietary Fructose and High Salt Diet: Are Preclinical Studies Relevant to Asian Societies?

Impact of Dietary Fructose and High Salt Diet: Are Preclinical Studies Relevant to Asian Societies?

Excessive fructose intake inhibits skeletal development in adolescent rats via gut microbiota and energy metabolism

Relationship between high fructose corn syrup sweetened drinks, diet soft drinks, and serum sodium: NHANES 2003–2006

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