Pathotyping and genetic screening of type III effectors in Indian strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae causing bacterial leaf blight of rice

Mondal, Kalyan K.; Meena, B. L.; Junaid, Alim; Verma, G. S.; Mani, Chandra; Majumder, Dipali; Khicher, Manju; Kumar, Shailesh; Banik, Susanta

doi:10.1016/j.pmpp.2014.03.005

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Though a large number of xop effector genes from xanthomonad strains including Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Mondal et al, 2014;Song and Yang, 2010), X. campestris pv. vesicatoria, X. axonopodis pv.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Indian Xoo strain has been studied recently in details for their composition of T3SS effectors. It was found that one of the virulent Indian Xoo strain (pathotyped as race 4) possesses 21 Xop effectors (Mondal et al, 2014). The core members of these, effectors XopF and XopR, were investigated in details for its role in Xoo virulence as well as in blight development .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dialogue between Xop-T3SS Effectors of <I>Xanthomonas oryzae Pv. Iryzae</I> and Rice during Bacterial Blight Pathogenesis

Mondal¹

2017

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Bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is a major biotic threat to rice production globally. Xoo initiates dialogue with rice plant through its effectors that are secreted via type 3 secretion system (referred to as T3SS effectors). The result of this dialogue leads to the phenotype of either susceptible or resistance reaction. Xoo secrets two type of T3SS effectors, Xop (Xanthomonas outer protein) and TAL (Transcription activator like) effectors. Screened the total composition of T3SS effectors in one of the most virulent Xoo race 4 from India. Xoo race4 contains 21 Xop and 18 TAL effectors. This paper discusses recent insight into the dialogue between Xop T3SS and rice. Studied inducible, hrpdependent expression pattern of the Xop T3SS effectors. We created null mutants for each Xop T3SS effectors to understand their function in blight induction. Our subsequent investigation revealed that major Xop T3SS effectors like XopF, XopR plays crucial role during blight pathogenesis. The major effectors regulate the in planta Xoo growth and suppress PAMPtriggered immune (PTI) response in rice. Though there was no aberration in phenotypic as well as in vitro growth characters between wild and mutants, but mutants showed significant reduction during in planta colonization relative to the wild strain. The RT-qPCR analysis indicated significant fold increase in expression of the PTI marker genes in rice upon challengeinoculation with mutants suggesting the role of effectors in suppressing rice PTI. It is evident that mutants induced more callose deposition in infected rice leaves. When transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana, fusion effector gene products get localized to the plasma membrane. Collectively, our insight into the Xop T3SS effectors leads to the understanding that the major T3SS effectors like XopF, XopR suppress rice immune responses, and thereby favours Xoo for its in planta growth and pathogenicity during bacterial blight development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dialogue between Xop-T3SS Effectors of <I>Xanthomonas oryzae Pv. Iryzae</I> and Rice during Bacterial Blight Pathogenesis

Mondal¹

2017

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“…For each entry, 3 observations were taken. The disease reactions were categorized as resistant (lesion length up to 5 cm), moderately resistant (5-10 cm lesion length), moderately susceptible (10-15 cm lesion length) and susceptible (lesion length more than 15 cm) (Mondal et al, 2014).…”

Section: Raising Of Nils Pathogen Multiplication and Resistance Evalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Till date, at least 40 BB resistance genes have been identified from various sources Kim et al, 2015) and few of these genes been used in resistance breeding program. However, Xoo is highly diverse in nature (Hunjan et al, 2014;Mondal et al, 2014;Yugander et al, 2017) and resistant varieties particularly those carrying single BB resistance genes have become susceptible due to appearance of new virulence of the pathogen (Mew et al, 1992;Laha et al, 2007). The durability of resistance can be increased by pyramiding multiple BB resistance genes through marker assisted selection (MAS).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the major BB resistance genes which have been widely used in gene-pyramiding programs in India are xa13 and Xa21 . Several studies in India have reported that combination of Xa21 and xa13 provides high level and broad spectrum resistance to Indian Xoo population (Joseph et al, 2004;Mishra et al, 2013;Mondal et al, 2014;Ellur et al, 2016a). Keeping in view the broad spectrum effectiveness of Xa21 and xa13 combination, these two BB resistance genes were selected for pyramiding in these two popular rice cultivars.…”

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Multi-Location Evaluation of Gene Pyramided Lines of Mtu 1010 and JGL 1798 against Bacterial Blight of Rice

Padmaja¹,

Rani²,

Devi³

et al. 2017

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Cottondora Sannalu (MTU 1010) and Jagtial Sannalu (JGL 1798) are widely cultivated rice varieties in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh and very well-accepted among the farmers because of their high yield, slender grain and preferred cooking quality. Despite being popular, these varieties are susceptible to different pests and diseases including bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryae (Xoo). Two BB resistance genes viz., xa13 and Xa21 were introgressed in these two varieties using marker assisted backcross breeding. Homozygous lines possessing BB resistance genes xa13 or Xa21 and their combination were evaluated for BB resistance with multiple Xoo isolates under controlled condition in glass house and also at different hot spot locations in the states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, India. Both the recurrent parents (MTU 1010 and JGL 1798), TN1 (susceptible check variety) and Improved Samba Mahsuri (resistant check variety) were also subjected for resistance evaluation. All the gene-pyramided lines were highly resistant to BB both under glasshouse and field condition. Individually, BB resistance gene xa13 showed higher level of resistance than Xa21. The resistance level was higher in the lines possessing both the BB resistance genes in comparison to the lines possessing single BB resistance genes. The results showed that combination of BB resistance genes xa13 and Xa21 can provide broad level of resistance against BB in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.

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Crop Disease Management

2017

Microbial Plant Pathogens

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Pathotyping and genetic screening of type III effectors in Indian strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae causing bacterial leaf blight of rice

Cited by 39 publications

References 34 publications

Dialogue between Xop-T3SS Effectors of <I>Xanthomonas oryzae Pv. Iryzae</I> and Rice during Bacterial Blight Pathogenesis

Dialogue between Xop-T3SS Effectors of <I>Xanthomonas oryzae Pv. Iryzae</I> and Rice during Bacterial Blight Pathogenesis

Multi-Location Evaluation of Gene Pyramided Lines of Mtu 1010 and JGL 1798 against Bacterial Blight of Rice

Crop Disease Management

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