Pathway-Dependent Regulation of Sleep Dynamics in a Network Model of the Sleep–Wake Cycle

Héricé, Charlotte; Sakata, Shuzo

doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01380

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, FA in CC did not contribute reliably, which indicates that the subjective sleep-wake disturbances may predominantly be linked to other WM networks, compared to the actigraphy measures. Our result may reflect the notion that different aspects of sleep-wake regulation potentially is linked to specialized and differentiated neuronal circuits and corresponding structural networks ( Héricé and Sakata, 2019 ). Sleep-wake regulation involves a complex network including different brain regions and neurotransmitters, and studies have identified that specific damages on different parts of this network result in various types of sleep-wake disturbances ( Schwartz and Roth, 2009 ; Brown et al, 2012 ; Scammell et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

White matter microstructure and sleep-wake disturbances in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis

Rasmussen

Nordholm²,

Glenthøj³

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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AimWhite matter changes in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR) may be involved in the transition to psychosis. Sleep-wake disturbances commonly precede the first psychotic episode and predict development of psychosis. We examined associations between white matter microstructure and sleep-wake disturbances in UHR individuals compared to healthy controls (HC), as well as explored the confounding effect of medication, substance use, and level of psychopathology.MethodsSixty-four UHR individuals and 35 HC underwent clinical interviews and diffusion weighted imaging. Group differences on global and callosal mean fractional anisotropy (FA) was tested using general linear modeling. Sleep-wake disturbances were evaluated using the subjective measures disturbed sleep index (DSI) and disturbed awakening index (AWI) from the Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire, supported by objective sleep measures from one-night actigraphy. The primary analyses comprised partial correlation analyses between global FA/callosal FA and sleep-wake measures. Secondary analyses investigated multivariate patterns of covariance between measures of sleep-wake disturbances and FA in 48 white matter regions of interest using partial least square correlations.ResultsUltra-high risk for psychosis individuals displayed lower global FA (F = 14.56, p < 0.001) and lower callosal FA (F = 11.34, p = 0.001) compared to HC. Subjective sleep-wake disturbances were significantly higher among the UHR individuals (DSI: F = 27.59, p < 0.001, AWI: F = 36.42, p < 0.001). Lower callosal FA was correlated with increased wake after sleep onset (r = −0.34, p = 0.011) and increased sleep fragmentation index (r = −0.31, p = 0.019) in UHR individuals. Multivariate analyses identified a pattern of covariance in regional FA which were associated with DSI and AWI in UHR individuals (p = 0.028), but not in HC. Substance use, sleep medication and antipsychotic medication did not significantly confound these associations. The association with objective sleep-wake measures was sustained when controlling for level of depressive and UHR symptoms, but symptom level confounded the covariation between FA and subjective sleep-wake measures in the multivariate analyses.ConclusionCompromised callosal microstructure in UHR individuals was related to objectively observed disruptions in sleep-wake functioning. Lower FA in ventrally located regions was associated with subjectively measured sleep-wake disturbances and was partly explained by psychopathology. These findings call for further investigation of sleep disturbances as a potential treatment target.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

White matter microstructure and sleep-wake disturbances in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis

Rasmussen

Nordholm²,

Glenthøj³

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Changes in the cortical network during sleep stage transitions

Song

Lian

Wang

et al. 2022

J of Neuroscience Research

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Sleep state transitions are closely related to insomnia, drowsiness, and sleep maintenance. However, how the cortical network varies during such a transition process remains unclear. Changes in the cortical interaction during the short‐term process of sleep stage transitions were investigated. In all, 40 healthy young participants underwent overnight polysomnography. The phase transfer entropy of six frequency bands was obtained from 16 electroencephalography channels to assess the strength and direction of information flow between the cortical regions. Differences in the cortical network between the first and the last 10 s in a 40‐s transition period across wakefulness, N1, N2, N3, and rapid eye movement were, respectively, studied. Various frequency bands exhibited different patterns during the sleep stage transitions. It was found that the mutual transitions between the sleep stages were not necessarily the opposite. More significant changes were observed in the sleep deepening process than in the process of sleep awakening. During sleep stage transitions, changes in the inflow and outflow strength of various cortical regions led to regional differences, but for the entire sleep progress, such an imbalance did not intensify, and a dynamic balance was instead observed. The detailed findings of variations in cortical interactions during sleep stage transition promote understanding of sleep mechanism, sleep process, and sleep function. Additionally, it is expected to provide helpful clues for sleep improvement, like reducing the time required to fall asleep and maintaining sleep depth.

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Subtype-specific roles of ellipsoid body ring neurons in sleep regulation in Drosophila

Yan

Lin

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The ellipsoid body (EB) is a major structure of the central complex of the Drosophila melanogaster brain. 22 subtypes of EB ring neurons have been identified based on anatomical and morphological characteristics with light-level microscopy and EM connectomics. A few studies have associated ring neurons with the regulation of sleep homeostasis and structure. However, cell type-specific and population interactions in the regulation of sleep remain unclear. Employing a unbiased thermogenetic screen of collected EB drivers, we found: 1) multiple ring neurons are involved in the modulation of amount of sleep and structure in a synergistic manner; 2) analysis of data for ∆P(doze)/ ∆P(wake) using a mixed Gaussian model detected 5 clusters of GAL4 drivers which had similar effects on sleep pressure and/or depth: lines driving arousal contained R4m neurons, whereas lines that increased sleep pressure had R3m cells; 3) a general linear model analysis correlating ring cell subtype and activity-dependent changes in sleep parameters across all the lines identified several cell types significantly associated with specific sleep effects: R3p for daytime sleep promotion, and R4m for nighttime wake-promoting; and 4) another subclass, R3d cells present in 5HT7-GAL4+ neurons and in GAL4 lines from our screen which exclusively affect sleep structure, were found to contribute to fragmentation of sleep during both day and night. Thus, multiple subtypes of ring neurons distinctively control sleep amount and/or structure, and the unique highly interconnected structure of the EB and its connections with other regions of brain suggest a local-network model worth future investigation.

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Pathway-Dependent Regulation of Sleep Dynamics in a Network Model of the Sleep–Wake Cycle

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

White matter microstructure and sleep-wake disturbances in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis

White matter microstructure and sleep-wake disturbances in individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis

Changes in the cortical network during sleep stage transitions

Subtype-specific roles of ellipsoid body ring neurons in sleep regulation in Drosophila

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