Pathways from adolescent deliberate self‐poisoning to early adult outcomes: a six‐year follow‐up

Abstract

Results 2060 unique articles were screened of which 28 (from 24 studies with 2 88 264 participants) were included. We statistically pooled information from 19 studies, showing that males with high intensity OPA had a higher risk of early mortality than those with light intensity OPA (HR [95% CI]: 1.24 [1.03 1.49). Such an association was not observed for females (0.88 [0.75 1.03]). Conclusion These findings support the PA health paradox, with levels of high intensity OPA being associated with ill-health (for males). An explanation for this finding may be the nature of OPA, involving sustained demanding tasks, causing chronically elevated blood pressure and heart rate responses. Males may be more prone than females because of gender differences in OPA, with males more likely to work in higher intensity occupations. Future research (preferably using objectively measured OPA) should further explore these potential mechanisms. Introduction For many, spinal pain first develops during adolescence. However, the extent to which adolescent spinal pain impacts work absenteeism later in life is largely unknown. We assessed the association of spinal pain in adolescence with work absenteeism in early adulthood, using a population-based cohort. Methods Data from a sample of working people in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study (n=476) were analysed. At 17 years of age, spinal pain (low-back or neck) with impact on work and/or study behaviour was self-reported. Six years later (at 23 years), participants replied to four quarterly text messages asking them about their work absenteeism, from which annual total and sickness absence were estimated. Negative binominal mixed-models were used to estimate the association between spinal pain and work absenteeism (Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)). Results Participants with adolescent spinal pain with impact at year 17 reported significantly higher (mean [SD]) total work absenteeism at year 23 (148.7[243.4] hours/year), compared to those without pain (43.7 [95.2] hours/year); with IRR [95% CI]: 3.9 [1.5 10.3]. Comparable findings were found for sickness absence (IRR: 3.6 [1.3 10.2], with 94.1 [201.5] and 29.3 [75.0] hours/year absence, respectively). Conclusion Results of our study show a more than threefold higher risk of work absenteeism in early adulthood among those with adolescent spinal pain with impact compared to those without spinal pain. These findings indicate that pain

Positive and Negative Expectations of Hopelessness as Longitudinal Predictors of Depression, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicidal Behavior in High‐Risk Adolescents

“…Additionally, studies have found hopelessness to be a stronger long-term predictor of repeat suicide attempts among previous attempters than depression (e.g., Groholt, Ekeberg, & Haldorsen, 2006). However, a study by Aglan and colleagues (2008) found that the long-term presence of major depression predicted deliberate self-harm over a 6-year period better than hopelessness within a sample of self-poisoning adolescents. Some studies focusing on high-risk psychiatric inpatient samples have found depression, but not hopelessness, to be a predictor of suicidal ideation, but neither depression nor hopelessness to be a predictor of suicidal behavior (Links et al, 2012; Prinstein et al, 2008).…”

Prospective predictors of adolescent suicidality: 6-month post-hospitalization follow-up

“…2003), hopelessness, persistent depression (Brinkman et al . 2000; Aglan et al . 2008), suicidal thoughts, family dysfunction, dysthymia (King et al .…”

Use of Continuation or Maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy in Adolescents With Severe Treatment-Resistant Depression

“…Comparison of cognitive findings from the present study to earlier reports involving adolescents who were treated with index ECT alone, but not C-ECT or M-ECT, finds improved cognitive functions among the present group. 6,7 For instance, Ghaziuddin et al 6 studied 16 hospitalized adolescents with a mood disorder (13 girls, 3 boys; mean [SD] age, 15.9 [1.6] years; unipolar depression, 14; bipolar depression, 2) who were treated with mean (SD) number of treatments, 10.8 (2). 6,7,23 Psychotropic medications were withdrawn during the index course, which is necessary to minimize adverse effects during ECT and is consistent with the guidelines of the AACAP.…”