Pathways to suicidal behavior in posttraumatic stress disorder*

Panagioti, Maria; Gooding, Patricia; Dunn, Graham; Tarrier, Nicholas

doi:10.1002/jts.20627

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Most notably, although suicide prevention often focuses on the early detection of depression (e.g., Hegerl, Wittenburg, & the European Alliance Against Depression Consortium, 2009), suicidal behavior also can arise from a variety of other psychological states and conditions (e.g., Briere & Eadie, 2012;Fergusson, Woodward, & Horwood, 2000;Panagioti, Gooding, Dunn, & Tarrier, 2011;Sareen, 2011). The current study indicates that posttraumatic stress, specifically hyperarousal, may be an additional antecedent to suicidality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Cumulative Trauma, Hyperarousal, and Suicidality in the General Population: A Path Analysis

Briere

Godbout

Dias

2015

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

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Although trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) both have been linked to suicidal thoughts and behavior, the underlying basis for this relationship is not clear. In a sample of 357 trauma-exposed individuals from the general population, younger participant age, cumulative trauma exposure, and all three Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, PTSD clusters (reexperiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal) were correlated with clinical levels of suicidality. However, logistic regression analysis indicated that when all PTSD clusters were considered simultaneously, only hyperarousal continued to be predictive. A path analysis confirmed that posttraumatic hyperarousal (but not other components of PTSD) fully mediated the relationship between extent of trauma exposure and degree of suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Cumulative Trauma, Hyperarousal, and Suicidality in the General Population: A Path Analysis

Briere

Godbout

Dias

2015

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

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“…This therapeutic technique uses mental imagery to encourage individuals to recall positive memories in order to experience the positive emotional states associated with the memories (Tarrier, 2010). A preliminary test of this mood-boosting strategy found that it was effective in increasing both short-term hope and happiness in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (Johnson et al, 2013) and post-traumatic stress disorder (Panagioti et al, 2011). The present finding provides preliminary supportive evidence for the incorporation of such a memory-based selfmanagement strategy (i.e., reflecting on past positive social experiences when suicidal feelings occur) into psychological interventions which aim to target suicide risk in people with bipolar disorder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A qualitative investigation into the relationships between social factors and suicidal thoughts and acts experienced by people with a bipolar disorder diagnosis

Owen

Gooding

Dempsey

et al. 2015

Journal of Affective Disorders

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractBackground: The prevalence rate of completed suicide in bipolar disorder is estimated to be as high as 19%. Social factors or influences, such as stigmatisation and family conflict, contribute to the development of suicidal ideation in clinical and non-clinical populations. Yet, there is a lack of studies examining suicidality from a psychosocial perspective in people who experience bipolar disorder.Method: Semi-structured interviews were used to collect qualitative data from 20 participants with bipolar disorder. The interview focused on the effects of social factors upon participants" experiences of suicidality (suicidal thoughts, feelings or behaviours). A thematic analysis was used to understand the data.Results: Social or interpersonal factors which participants identified as protective against suicidality included, 'the impact of suicide on others' and, 'reflecting on positive social experiences'. Social factors which triggered suicidal thoughts included, 'negative social experiences' and, 'not being understood or acknowledged'. Social factors which worsened suicidal thoughts or facilitated suicidal behaviour were, 'feeling burdensome," and 'reinforcing negative self-appraisals'.Limitations: Some participants had not experienced suicidal thoughts for many years and were recalling experiences which had taken place over ten years ago. The accuracy and reliability of these memories must therefore be taken into consideration when interpreting the results. Conclusions:The themes help to enhance current understanding of the ways in which social factors affect suicidality in people who experience bipolar disorder. These results highlight the importance of considering the social context in which suicidality is experienced and incorporating strategies to buffer against the effects of negative social experiences in psychological interventions which target suicide risk in bipolar disorder.

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“…Other models highlight the role of various cognitive-affective processes as direct or indirect mediators between PTSD and suicidality, including perceptions of defeat and entrapment (e.g., [93]), negative self-appraisals (e.g., [94]), hopelessness (e.g., [91]), and guilt and shame (e.g., [95]). In addition, some models propose that the link between PTSD and suicidal behavior is partially explained and/or compounded by other comorbid problems such as functional impairment [96], depression [97], sleep disturbance [98], and alcohol dependence [99]. Taken together, these models suggest that treating PTSD is likely to reduce suicidality directly by reducing PTSD symptoms and indirectly by reducing established cognitive and affective mediators as well as other compounding problems.…”

Section: Suicidalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Comorbid Conditions After Prolonged Exposure for PTSD: a Literature Review

Minnen

Zoellner

Harned

et al. 2015

Curr Psychiatry Rep

108

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Prolonged exposure (PE) is an effective psychological treatment for patients who suffer from PTSD. The majority of PTSD patients have comorbid psychiatric disorders, and some clinicians are hesitant to use PE with comorbid patients because they believe that comorbid conditions may worsen during PE. In this article, we reviewed the evidence for this question: what are the effects of PE on comorbid symptoms and associated symptomatic features? We reviewed findings from 18 randomized controlled trials of PE that assessed the most common comorbid conditions (major depression, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, personality disorders, and psychotic disorders) and additional symptomatic features (suicidality, dissociation, negative cognitions, negative emotions, and general health and work/social functioning). Although systematic research is not available for all comorbid populations, the existing research indicates that comorbid disorders and additional symptomatic features either decline along with the PTSD symptoms or do not change as a result of PE. Therefore, among the populations that have been studied to date, there is no empirical basis for excluding PTSD patients from PE due to fear of increases in comorbid conditions or additional symptomatic features. Limitations of the existing research and recommendations for future research are also discussed.

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Pathways to suicidal behavior in posttraumatic stress disorder*

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Cumulative Trauma, Hyperarousal, and Suicidality in the General Population: A Path Analysis

Cumulative Trauma, Hyperarousal, and Suicidality in the General Population: A Path Analysis

A qualitative investigation into the relationships between social factors and suicidal thoughts and acts experienced by people with a bipolar disorder diagnosis

Changes in Comorbid Conditions After Prolonged Exposure for PTSD: a Literature Review

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