Patient and carer perceived barriers to early presentation and diagnosis of lung cancer: a systematic review

Cassim, Shemana; Chepulis, Lynne; Keenan, Rāwiri; Kidd, Jacquie; Firth, Melissa; Lawrenson, Ross

doi:10.1186/s12885-018-5169-9

Cited by 100 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…Our PCPs’ call for improved patient education and better access to diagnostic testing specialist care were also prioritised by GPs in a UK study 40. Our findings map across to the findings from qualitative research on patient-perceived barriers to early presentation and diagnosis of cancer, which have identified the need for better access to services for patients41 42 and better patient awareness of cancer symptoms42 as key issues. Our PCPs’ call for an improved partnership with other primary healthcare professionals is one that has been successfully implemented before, although not specifically in relation to cancer diagnosis 43.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

How European primary care practitioners think the timeliness of cancer diagnosis can be improved: a thematic analysis

et al. 2019

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BackgroundNational European cancer survival rates vary widely. Prolonged diagnostic intervals are thought to be a key factor in explaining these variations. Primary care practitioners (PCPs) frequently play a crucial role during initial cancer diagnosis; their knowledge could be used to improve the planning of more effective approaches to earlier cancer diagnosis.ObjectivesThis study sought the views of PCPs from across Europe on how they thought the timeliness of cancer diagnosis could be improved.DesignIn an online survey, a final open-ended question asked PCPs how they thought the speed of diagnosis of cancer in primary care could be improved. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.SettingA primary care study, with participating centres in 20 European countries.ParticipantsA total of 1352 PCPs answered the final survey question, with a median of 48 per country.ResultsThe main themes identified were: patient-related factors, including health education; care provider-related factors, including continuing medical education; improving communication and interprofessional partnership, particularly between primary and secondary care; factors relating to health system organisation and policies, including improving access to healthcare; easier primary care access to diagnostic tests; and use of information technology. Re-allocation of funding to support timely diagnosis was seen as an issue affecting all of these.ConclusionsTo achieve more timely cancer diagnosis, health systems need to facilitate earlier patient presentation through education and better access to care, have well-educated clinicians with good access to investigations and better information technology, and adequate primary care cancer diagnostic pathway funding.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

How European primary care practitioners think the timeliness of cancer diagnosis can be improved: a thematic analysis

et al. 2019

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“…Therefore, the molecular mechanisms of S100B in lung cancer need to be further evaluated to classify this protein in a clinical context. Lung cancer is the most common cancer type with a high mortality rate [79], mostly due to lacking diagnostic means for efficient early detection [106]. There are two major groups of lung cancer: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is diagnosed in about 80% of all lung cancer patients, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) [107,108].…”

Section: S100 Proteins In Lung Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Friend or Foe: S100 Proteins in Cancer

Allgöwer

Kretz

Karstedt

et al. 2020

Cancers

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S100 proteins are widely expressed small molecular EF-hand calcium-binding proteins of vertebrates, which are involved in numerous cellular processes, such as Ca2+ homeostasis, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and inflammation. Although the complex network of S100 signalling is by far not fully deciphered, several S100 family members could be linked to a variety of diseases, such as inflammatory disorders, neurological diseases, and also cancer. The research of the past decades revealed that S100 proteins play a crucial role in the development and progression of many cancer types, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma. Hence, S100 family members have also been shown to be promising diagnostic markers and possible novel targets for therapy. However, the current knowledge of S100 proteins is limited and more attention to this unique group of proteins is needed. Therefore, this review article summarises S100 proteins and their relation in different cancer types, while also providing an overview of novel therapeutic strategies for targeting S100 proteins for cancer treatment.

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“…Lung cancer is one of the common human malignancies and is the leading cause of cancer-associated deaths world-wide. 1 There are three different subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): (1) lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD); (2) lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC); and (3) large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC). LUSC constitutes approximately 30% of all lung cancer cases and globally, results in approximately 400,000 deaths per year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A TP53 -associated gene signature for prediction of prognosis and therapeutic responses in lung squamous cell carcinoma

Lin

et al. 2020

OncoImmunology

106

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The tumor-suppressor gene tumor protein p53 (TP53) is one of the most commonly mutated genes in human lung cancer, and TP53 mutations are associated with a worsened prognosis and causes resistance to cancer therapy. RNA sequencing and TP53 mutation data were downloaded to determine specific TP53associated signature based on differentially expressed genes between patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) with wild type (TP53 WT) and mutated (TP53 MUT) TP53. We investigated the predictive value of this signature on the immune microenvironment, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and likelihood of response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy. In total, 1,556 differentially expressed genes were identified based on TP53 mutation status. Three genes (KLK6, MUC22 and CSN1S1) identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, comprised the prognostic signature which was an independent and specific prognostic marker of overall survival in patients with LUSC. A nomogram was also established to validate this signature for clinical use. Moreover, the high-risk group was characterized by increased infiltration of monocytes and macrophages M1, and decreased T cells CD8 and T cells follicular helper. Highrisk group exhibited a higher TMB, and was much more sensitive to immunotherapy and chemotherapy. KLK6 and CSN1S1 expression and the prognostic prediction values were further validated in clinical samples. The derived TP53-associated signature is a specific and independent prognostic biomarker for LUSC patients, and could provide potential prognostic biomarker or therapeutic targets for the development of novel immunotherapies and chemotherapies.

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Patient and carer perceived barriers to early presentation and diagnosis of lung cancer: a systematic review

Cited by 100 publications

References 48 publications

How European primary care practitioners think the timeliness of cancer diagnosis can be improved: a thematic analysis

How European primary care practitioners think the timeliness of cancer diagnosis can be improved: a thematic analysis

Friend or Foe: S100 Proteins in Cancer

A TP53 -associated gene signature for prediction of prognosis and therapeutic responses in lung squamous cell carcinoma

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