Patient-derived bladder cancer xenografts: a systematic review

Bernardo, Carina; Costa, C.; Sousa, Nuno; Amado, Francisco; Santos, Lúcio Lara

doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2015.02.001

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…When the subcutaneous heterotopic approach is used to establish urothelial tumor PDX models, reasonably high take-rates can be expected. In a recent systematic review, Bernardo et al looked at 12 studies using PDX models for urothelial carcinoma with an overall take rate of 41% [34], which compares favorably to those of generating PDX of prostate cancer or renal cell carcinoma [6,35]. The authors found that Matrigel, a commercially available cell culture matrix consisting of growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins, was also associated with an improved take-rate in bladder tumors.…”

Section: Success Rates Of Engraftmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient-Derived Xenograft Models in Urological Malignancies: Urothelial Cell Carcinoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma

Tracey

Murray

Coleman

et al. 2020

Cancers

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The engraftment of human tumor tissues into immunodeficient host mice to generate patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models has become increasingly utilized for many types of cancers. By capturing the unique genomic and molecular properties of the parental tumor, PDX models enable analysis of patient-specific clinical responses. PDX models are an important platform to address the contribution of inter-tumoral heterogeneity to therapeutic sensitivity, tumor evolution, and the mechanisms of treatment resistance. With the increasingly important role played by targeted therapies in urological malignancies, the establishment of representative PDX models can contribute to improved facilitation and adoption of precision medicine. In this review of the evolving role of the PDX in urothelial cancer and kidney cancer, we discuss the essential elements of successful graft development, effective translational application, and future directions for clinical models.

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Section: Success Rates Of Engraftmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient-Derived Xenograft Models in Urological Malignancies: Urothelial Cell Carcinoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma

Tracey

Murray

Coleman

et al. 2020

Cancers

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“…Indeed, a very low tumour rate take (10–25%) was reported after implanting tumour fragments of different histotypes in nude mice [8–10]. The use of NOD-SCID resulted in an increased engraftment rate (25–40%) for non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer and melanoma [11–15] and a very high tumour take-rate (from 50 to 80%) has been observed for ovarian cancer, head and neck tumours, metastatic colon and bladder cancer [6, 16–18]. In our experience, to establish colon cancer PDXs, we observed that implanting fragments in nude (nu/nu) mice did not produce tumour growth neither at F0 (Fig.…”

Section: Generation Of Pdxsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient-derived xenografts: a relevant preclinical model for drug development

Pompili¹,

Porru²,

Caruso

et al. 2016

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

129

102

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Identifying appropriate preclinical cancer models remains a major challenge in increasing the efficiency of drug development. A potential strategy to improve patient outcomes could be selecting the ‘right’ treatment in preclinical studies performed in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) obtained by direct implants of surgically resected tumours in mice. These models maintain morphological similarities and recapitulate molecular profiling of the original tumours, thus representing a useful tool in evaluating anticancer drug response. In this review, we will present the state-of-art use of PDXs as a reliable strategy to predict clinical findings. The main advantages and limitations will also be discussed.

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“…However, as PDX models are established from tumors as subcutaneous xenografts in mice, the normal tissue counterpart and surrounding interacting stroma of each patient is missing. Humanized PDX models are costly, difficult to develop and not amenable to high-throughput platforms; in addition, their success rates frequently fall below 30% 42,43 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional reprogramming and long-term expansion of normal and tumor cells from human biospecimens

et al. 2017

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Historically, it has been difficult to propagate cells in vitro that are derived directly from human tumors or healthy tissue. However, in vitro preclinical models are essential tools for both the study of basic cancer biology and the promotion of translational research, including drug discovery and drug target identification. This protocol describes conditional reprogramming (CR), which involves coculture of irradiated mouse fibroblast feeder cells with normal and tumor human epithelial cells in the presence of a Rho kinase inhibitor (Y-27632). CR cells can be used for various applications, including regenerative medicine, drug sensitivity testing, gene expression profiling and xenograft studies. The method requires a pathologist to differentiate healthy tissue from tumor tissue, and basic tissue culture skills. The protocol can be used with cells derived from both fresh and cryopreserved tissue samples. As approximately 1 million cells can be generated in 7 d, the technique is directly applicable to diagnostic and predictive medicine. Moreover, the epithelial cells can be propagated indefinitely in vitro, yet retain the capacity to become fully differentiated when placed into conditions that mimic their natural environment.

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Patient-derived bladder cancer xenografts: a systematic review

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Patient-Derived Xenograft Models in Urological Malignancies: Urothelial Cell Carcinoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma

Patient-Derived Xenograft Models in Urological Malignancies: Urothelial Cell Carcinoma and Renal Cell Carcinoma

Patient-derived xenografts: a relevant preclinical model for drug development

Conditional reprogramming and long-term expansion of normal and tumor cells from human biospecimens

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