Patient‐related Predictors for the Functional Outcome of SuperPATH Hemiarthroplasty versus Conventional Approach Hemiarthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta‐regression Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Abstract

Specialist literature lacks evidence that explores associations between patient characteristics and the beneficial treatment effect of SuperPATH hemiarthroplasty (HA) compared with conventional approach (CA) HA. To investigate and identify patient‐related predictors of the effect size of the short‐term functional outcome of SuperPATH HA and CA HA by performing a systematic review and meta‐regression analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A systematic search of literature was performed in PubMed, CNKI, CENTRAL of The Cochrane Library, Clinical trials, and Google Scholar until August 25, 2023. For the continuous outcome parameter Harris hip score (HHS) ≤1 week and 3 months postoperatively, mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. A meta‐regression analysis was based on random‐effects meta‐analysis using the Hartung–Knapp–Sidik–Jonkman method for continuous covariates. A total of five RCTs with 404 patients were found. The following predictors of HHS ≤1 week postoperatively were identified: patient age (predictor estimate = 1.29; p < 0.01), patient age groups (predictor estimate = 14.07; p < 0.01), time to mobilization (predictor estimate = 5.51; p < 0.01). The following predictors of HHS 3 months postoperatively were identified: incision length (predictor estimate = −2.12; p < 0.01); intraoperative blood loss (predictor estimate = 0.02; p < 0.01). Patient age, time to mobilization, incision length, and intraoperative blood loss were identified as predictors of the effect size of early postoperative functional outcome as measured by HHS. Elderly patients, particularly those over 70 years of age, appear to benefit from SuperPATH HA. Based on these findings, and taking into account our limitations, we recommend that the use of minimally invasive SuperPATH HA in elderly patients should be more widely considered and not limited to elective THA patients.