Patient-Reported Symptoms and Quality of Life 
in Adults With Acute Leukemia: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Purpose/Objectives Systematically summarize findings from research conducted on adult acute leukemia survivors as they relate to symptoms and quality of life (QOL). Data Sources Systematic review of the literature from 1990–2013 found in the PubMed, PsycINFO®, EMBASE, and CINAHL® databases, as well as manual searches. Data Synthesis The review identified 16 quantitative studies and 1 qualitative study published from 1990–2013 that used a self-reported QOL or symptom questionnaire. Fatigue was the most commonly assessed and reported symptom, followed by depression. Conclusions Acute leukemia and its treatment have a significant impact in all QOL domains. Future studies should include longitudinal research, more than one recruitment site, increased minority representation, and home-based exercise interventions as ways to improve all domains of QOL. Implications for Nursing This review increases awareness of commonly reported symptoms faced by adults with acute leukemia. Oncology nurses are central in monitoring and reporting symptoms to the interdisciplinary team that may contribute to changes in function, with the overall goal of optimizing QOL over time.

Perceived Benefits and Barriers to Exercise for Recently Treated Adults With Acute Leukemia

“…Fatigue is the most prominent, distressing symptom for adults with acute leukemia during and after treatment (Leak Bryant, Lee Walton, Shaw-Kokot, Mayer, & Reeve, 2015), and can be viewed as a barrier to completion of exercise (Alibhai et al, 2012; 2015). In addition, non-physical symptoms emerged, such as improved anxiety and overall mental well-being due to the exercise.…”

Comorbidity, Physical Function, and Quality of Life in Older Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

“…Fatigue has been found to be the most common, distressing symptom that has been reported by more than 90% of adults with AML during treatment (47, 48). Fatigue significantly impacts QOL, leading to restrictions in activities of daily living (ADLs), and is particularly severe during chemotherapy (48, 49).…”

“…Fatigue significantly impacts QOL, leading to restrictions in activities of daily living (ADLs), and is particularly severe during chemotherapy (48, 49). Hospitalization can be detrimental to adults with AML as it can reduce functional abilities, endurance, and overall health (50, 51).…”

Exercise Promotion in Geriatric Oncology

“…With the increasing number of survivors, it is important to assess and address ways to improve health-related quality of life and specific toxicities, including cancer-related fatigue and impaired physical function, that impair it [6, 35, 36••]. It is imperative to assist survivors in regaining and improving physical function, and reducing and preventing long-term effects of cancer and its treatments.…”