BackgroundPatient safety is a key area of health care organisations, with direct impacts for patient health and well-being. The increasing complexity of current health care settings, associated with high work demands and increasingly stressful professional practice environments, contributes to an increased likelihood of errors and adverse events. Primary health care, given the comprehensiveness of care concentrates a large proportion of the care delivered to the population.AimThis scoping review aims to map the knowledge about the impact that professional nursing practice environments have on safety culture in the primary health care settings. This knowledge is essential for a more effective and appropriate understanding of this phenomenon and the definition of strategies that can promote the provision of safer care to the population.Design & settingA scoping review will be conducted based on the method proposed by the JBI, and PRISMA-ScR will be used.MethodStudy selection, data extraction, and synthesis will be performed by two independent reviewers. Based on Participants, Concept and Context (PCC) framework, this scoping review will consider studies that address nurses' professional practice environment and patient safety culture in primary health care. We will consider all studies, published or unpublished, from 2002 to the present.ConclusionThe results from this scoping review are expected to provide an overview of the importance of the nursing practice environments on patient safety culture, which will be crucial to define an appropriate range of strategies to promote the delivery of the safest health care to the population.Open Science Framework protocol registrationhttps://osf.io/wy48r.