Patient Satisfaction in the Spanish National Health Service: Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling

Martínez, María del Carmen Valls; Orellana, Alicia Ramírez

doi:10.3390/ijerph16244886

Cited by 25 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…In line with previous literature, we found that men and women value family and specialist doctors more than the health system as a whole [ 53 , 68 , 69 ]. In contrast, women are more satisfied with family doctors and men with specialist doctors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Some studies confirm the logical assertion that the volume of available resources directly affects the level of use of health services. It stands to reason that, if users have more resources at their disposal, they will use the system more frequently [ 53 ]. Therefore, we propose the next hypotheses:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analyzing the intensity of the relationships of the mediating variable with the other two variables makes it possible to justify the mechanisms underlying the cause–effect relationship between an independent and a dependent variable [ 66 ]. Considering the previously hypothesized relationships and mediation models from the literature [ 53 ], we make the following mediation hypotheses:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Investment Management and Healthcare Quality in the Public System: A Gender Perspective

Martínez

Orellana

Grasso

2021

IJERPH

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The aim of this empirical research was to provide useful information for health system managers on the costs and investments involved in improving the quality of the National Health Service (NHS) based on patient assessments and from a gender perspective, i.e., without assuming that the perceived experience is identical for men and women. A cross-sectional study of 31 variables was applied using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) as a research tool. The data were obtained from the Spanish Ministry of Health, Consumption, and Social Welfare for the entire Spanish territory between 2005 and 2018. The influence of expenditure, resource allocation, and mortality was hypothesized with regard to patient satisfaction according to disconfirmation theory. Patient satisfaction reflects clinical effectiveness, and therefore is a measure of health system quality. The results show that women are more sensitive to public investment in health than men, i.e., an increase in the level of spending and resources increases satisfaction more in women. In both sexes, the level of expenditure has a direct influence on patient satisfaction, and therefore on the quality of the healthcare system. It is important to increase spending on primary care, especially on specialized medical care and diagnostic equipment. However, reducing the use of drugs in favor of alternative treatments or therapies is considered to be positive. Likewise, spending has an impact on available resources, and these, in turn, have a positive influence on the level of use and a negative impact on mortality. Resources, especially healthcare staff, nuclear magnetic resonance equipment, and the number of posts in day hospitals, increase patients’ positive perception of the NHS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Investment Management and Healthcare Quality in the Public System: A Gender Perspective

Martínez

Orellana

Grasso

2021

IJERPH

Self Cite

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“…For example, the satisfaction with the Spanish national health service was 57.1%. 31 In Ethiopia, the satisfaction was 60.7% among adolescents aged 15 to 17 years. 32 As for the elderly aged 65 years or above, the satisfaction was 71% in Turkey.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Is More Satisfied with Health Services? A Cross-Sectional Study in China

Qin

Ding

2021

INQUIRY

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This cross-sectional study aims to assess the Chinese population’s satisfaction with health service and identify 2 types of variables, Andersen’s behavioral model related variables and social environment variables associated with high satisfaction. Data were derived from the 2013 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS). Using exploratory factor analysis, the original questionnaire’s 10 health services were grouped into 2 dimensions, including “health management service” and “public health service.” Then, the satisfaction was described. The associations between satisfaction and factors were assessed using a multivariable logistic regression model. As a result, a total of 5283 subjects were enrolled. The satisfaction was 56.74% for “health management service” and 54.48% for “public health service.” Those with older age, lower education level, positive social environment factors (ie, higher perceived social class, higher perceived social trust, and perceived social equity), and having pension were more likely to report high satisfaction. Moreover, compared to the east region (the most prosperous region), the individuals from the central region or the north-east region (both regional economic levels were medium) had lower odds of reporting high satisfaction. In comparison, those from the west region (the least developed region) had higher odds. In conclusion, actionable measures to increase satisfaction should be proposed by the Chinese government, including increasing pension insurance coverage, increasing investment in health services, creating an excellent social environment, etc.

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“…Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a statistical modeling technique to describe relationships between theoretical constructs, represented by regression or path coefficients between the factors [12]. SEM could become an indispensable tool for managers, policymakers, and regulators in the healthcare sector [13]. It implies a structure for the covariance between the observed variables, and latent factors.…”

Section: Structural Equation Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of life expectancy and clustering of provinces to improve life expectancy: an ecological study in Indonesia

2020

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Background: Life expectancy acts as a population measure of the performance of healthcare systems. Regional disparities on life expectancy in Indonesia has been persisted and become a public health policy challenge. A systematic clustering of provinces can be a valuable alternative for organizing cooperation that aimed to increase life expectancy and reduce disparities. This study aimed to identify determinants of life expectancy and designate clusters of Indonesian provinces with similar characteristics. This approach can be useful in generating alternative cooperation strategies to improve life expectancy. Methods: We carefully selected variables that have been shown to impact life expectancy and gathered 2015 data from Indonesia's Ministry of Health. All 34 Indonesian provinces were included as analysis units. We performed structural equation modeling (SEM) to select domains that needed to work on from theoretical models. Based on SEM results, we performed cluster analysis to arrange cooperation groups. Results: Life expectancy showed correlations with mean years of schooling, expenditure per capita, health workforce, healthcare facilities, and environment. Expenditure per capita also was the strongest of all constructs. Based on SEM results, we performed cluster analysis to arrange cooperation groups of total 34 provinces and generated five clusters of provinces. Conclusions: Enhancing the economy is the most effective approach for improving life expectancy and other constructs. These clusters can build cooperation that is new, within, and across clusters. These results may be useful in formulating cooperation strategies aimed at increasing life expectancy.

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Patient Satisfaction in the Spanish National Health Service: Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling

Cited by 25 publications

References 69 publications

Health Investment Management and Healthcare Quality in the Public System: A Gender Perspective

Health Investment Management and Healthcare Quality in the Public System: A Gender Perspective

Who Is More Satisfied with Health Services? A Cross-Sectional Study in China

Determinants of life expectancy and clustering of provinces to improve life expectancy: an ecological study in Indonesia

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