Patient-Surgeon Communication: A Literature Review and Thematic Analysis

Abstract

The wave of new research on the patient-surgeon relationship over the past two decades calls for a literature review. Our aim is to provide an up-to-date overview of the nature, aspects, and impacts of this relationship. We examined 97 articles published from 2000 to 2023 using a predefined frame of reference. We assessed the articles and summarized their essential points. The results were organized according to the patient journey, from surgeon selection to conclusion of the relationship. The articles highlight significant changes in the patient-surgeon relationship over the past 20 years. Patients seek more than kindness and prestige in their surgeons. Their behaviors and needs have changed as the paternalistic model shifts to a patient-centered approach. Clear, transparent, factual information, disclosure of conflicts of interest, information evidence level, verification of patient comprehension, and use of electronic messaging for transferring surgeon's communication and on-line documentation are essential in this approach. On a personal level, the importance of empathy, honesty, composure, and patient participation has grown. Body language plays a significant role. These changes have fostered shared decision-making, informed consent and a caring environment, enhancing patient trust. Cultivating trust through transparent, honest relationships can enhance outcomes, mitigate legal issues, and speed recovery. Communication difficulties may arise and must be recognized. The patient-surgeon relationship must be nurtured over time. In conclusion, it is crucial to provide surgeons with training in relationship-building. Quantitative measures such as PROMs and PREMs are emergent tools. The role of the Internet and Artificial Intelligence remains to be explored.