Recent changes to the organisation and delivery of primary care in the UK have the potential to reduce continuity of care markedly, but it is not clear how this will have an impact on patient trust. This study aims to test the associations between specific aspects of continuity in the GP-patient relationship, and patient trust, informed by the theoretical framework of behavioural game theory. A cross-sectional survey of patients in three Leicestershire general practices was conducted. Regression analysis showed that ratings of the GP's interpersonal care, past experience of cooperation, and expectation of continuing care from the GP were all independent predictors of patient trust. These findings highlight the value of longitudinal aspects of the GP-patient relationship.
Keywordscontinuity of patient care; cross-sectional studies; primary health care; trust.
INTRODUCTIONTrust is generally acknowledged to be a core component of the GP-patient relationship. It is important in its own right and it mediates other positive outcomes, including adherence to treatment.1 Recent changes to the organisation and delivery of primary care in the UK have the potential to reduce continuity of care markedly, 2 as patients are increasingly likely to be consulting unfamiliar health professionals. It is not clear how this will have an impact on patient trust.The limited research on the association between continuity and trust suggests that trust is promoted by the quality of the GP-patient relationship, and in particular the interpersonal aspects of the GP's care of the patient. [3][4][5][6] There is a need to determine whether and how the longitudinal aspects of the GP-patient relationship affect patient trust.This study uses a theoretical framework (behavioural game theory) as a basis for predictions about the specific aspects of continuity that promote trust. 7 Game theory indicates that trust is promoted when people interact with each other repeatedly, and particularly when individuals are aware of their partners' cooperativeness on past occasions (either from personal experience or reputation), have a reputation for cooperativeness themselves, and anticipate ongoing interactions in the future -described as the 'shadow of the future'.8 Hence, game theory points to information about past cooperativeness, and an expectation of future interactions, as important determinants of trust.This study aimed to test whether these dimensions of continuity, identified from game theory, are associated with patients' trust in GPs.
METHODA questionnaire was developed and piloted prior to use. The questionnaire included a series of questions on aspects of continuity, devised specially for this study. These questions were based on specific hypotheses derived from the framework of behavioural game theory. The questions on continuity consisted of statements accompanied by a five-point Likert scale labelled from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Evidence of cooperativeness in the past was assessed by the questions 'This GP has always giv...