Patients Living With Breast Cancer During the Coronavirus Pandemic: The Role of Family Resilience, Coping Flexibility, and Locus of Control on Affective Responses

Brivio, Eleonora; Guiddi, Paolo; Scotto, Ludovica; Giudice, Alice V.; Pettini, Greta; Busacchio, Derna; Didier, F.; Mazzocco, Ketti; Pravettoni, Gabriella

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.567230

Cited by 41 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Due to the pandemic, cancer patients were at risk of disruption of treatment at medical facilities [ 15 , 40 ], particularly when hospitals were burdened with high volumes of COVID-19 patients [ 28 , 41 ]. Some facilities revised chemotherapy protocols to minimize both the frequency of chemotherapy visits and the degree of immunosuppression [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study surveyed lung cancer patients who reported anxiety with reasons for anxiety as fear of delaying testing, and fear of contracting the virus, and found a higher than normal percentage of patients who needed referrals to some level of mental health services [ 45 ]. Breast cancer patients experienced fear of increased risk of COVID-19 exposure, but an Italian study found that family resilience, coping flexibility, and feeling in control contributed significantly in managing their cancer [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduction in Standard Cancer Screening in 2020 throughout the U.S.

Dennis

Hsu

Arrington

2021

Cancers

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Cancer screening is an important way to reduce the burden of cancer. The COVID-19 pandemic created delays in screening with the potential to increase cancer disparities in the United States (U.S.). Data from the 2014–2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey were analyzed to estimate the percentages of adults who reported cancer screening in the last 12 months consistent with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation for cervical (ages 21–65), breast (ages 50–74), and colorectal cancer (ages 50–75) prior to the pandemic. Cancer screening percentages for 2020 (April–December excluding January–March) were compared to screening percentages for 2014–2019 to begin to look at the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Screening percentages for 2020 were decreased from those for 2014–2019 including several underserved racial groups. Decreases in mammography and colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy were higher among American Indian/Alaskan Natives, Hispanics, and multiracial participants, but decreases in pap test were also highest among Hispanics, Whites, Asians, and African-Americans/Blacks. Decreases in mammograms among women ages 40–49 were also seen. As the 2020 comparison is conservative, the 2021 decreases in cancer screening are expected to be much greater and are likely to increase cancer disparities substantially.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in Standard Cancer Screening in 2020 throughout the U.S.

Dennis

Hsu

Arrington

2021

Cancers

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“…The involvement of adaptive cognitive skills and social support perception is particularly useful over the current COVID-19 pandemic and its related mental health issues (Marazziti et al, 2020), particularly worrying for people with cancer experience (Renzi et al, 2019;Brivio et al, 2021a). Wang et al (2020) evidenced that cancer patients tend to show a higher level of anxiety, distress, and depression compared to the healthy population, as shown in Italy by Brivio et al (2021b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Benefits of a Sport-Based Program for Female Cancer Survivors: The Role of Social Connections

et al. 2021

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In the context of sports-based interventions for improving health and quality of life in chronic patients, participants could develop meaningful social relationships that affect their well-being as much as intervention activities. In this study, 80 female cancer survivors participated in a running-based group intervention (2 sessions/week; 1.5 h), while 51 acted as controls. The intervention lasted approximately 5 months. Unfortunately, the length of the intervention was reduced and sport activities were altered by the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown mid-intervention, while the shared therapy sessions continued online. This possibly altered the results, as anxiety, depression, and physical aspects did not show significant differences between the experimental and control groups after the intervention. Participants reported positive comments on the experience as a whole, especially regarding the positive influence of the newly developed social connections. This was corroborated by significant correlations between group perceived cohesion and anxiety, depression, self-efficacy, and positive experience with the group psychological support. Overall, it is possible to suggest that in the program an important role was played by social connections and support, peer influence and the group experience, preserving positive experiential qualities of the intervention even if it was altered by external circumstances.

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“…The PACT displayed adequate reliability and validity across Israeli and American samples ( Bonanno et al, 2011 ), demonstrating cross-cultural adequacy. It has been mainly used in studies of coping in highly trauma-exposed samples ( Bonanno et al, 2011 ; Park et al, 2015 ; Bartholomew et al, 2017 ; Pinciotti et al, 2017 ; Sullivan and Wade, 2019 ), in potentially traumatic life events such as adjustment to college ( Bonanno et al, 2011 ; Galatzer-Levy et al, 2012 ; Saita et al, 2017 ), grief severity in older widows and widowers ( Knowles and O’Connor, 2015 ), experience with the COVID-19 pandemic ( Zhou et al, 2020 ; Brivio et al, 2021 ), and in breast cancer patients ( Hamama-Raz et al, 2012 ; Pat-Horenczyk et al, 2016 ; Brivio et al, 2021 ). The present study aimed to adapt the European Portuguese version of the PACT scale and validate it for patients with breast cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Perceived Ability to Cope With Trauma Scale in Portuguese Patients With Breast Cancer

et al. 2022

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BackgroundThe impact of a cancer diagnosis may be traumatic, depending on the psychological resources used by patients. Appropriate coping strategies are related to better adaptation to the disease, with coping flexibility, corresponding to the ability to replace ineffective coping strategies, demonstrated to be highly related with self-efficacy to handle trauma. The Perceived Ability to Cope with Trauma (PACT) scale is a self-rated questionnaire that assesses the perceived ability to cope with potentially traumatic events, providing a measure of coping flexibility. The current study aimed at examining the psychometric properties of the PACT Scale in Portuguese patients with breast cancer.MethodsThe study included 172 patients recently diagnosed with early breast cancer. Participants completed a Portuguese version of the PACT scale, and instruments of self-efficacy for coping with cancer (Cancer Behavior Inventory-Brief Version—CBI-B), of quality of life (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30—QLQ-C30), and of psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale—HADS) that were used as convergent and divergent measures, thus assessing construct validity. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to test the factor structure of the Portuguese version of PACT scale and reliabilities were examined.ResultsResults from the CFA confirmed the two-factor structure, consistent with the original Forward and Trauma focus subscales. The two subscales demonstrated high internal consistencies. Convergent and divergent validities were confirmed: the PACT scale was related to high self-efficacy to cope with cancer (CBI-B), to high perceived quality of life (QLQ-C30), and to low psychological distress (HADS).DiscussionOverall, the current results support and replicate the psychometric properties of the PACT scale. The scale was found to be a valid and reliable self-reported measure to assess Portuguese breast cancer patients regarding beliefs about their capabilities in managing the potentially traumatic sequelae of cancer. The PACT is a simple and brief measure of coping flexibility to trauma, with potential relevance for application in clinical and research settings.

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Patients Living With Breast Cancer During the Coronavirus Pandemic: The Role of Family Resilience, Coping Flexibility, and Locus of Control on Affective Responses

Cited by 41 publications

References 70 publications

Reduction in Standard Cancer Screening in 2020 throughout the U.S.

Reduction in Standard Cancer Screening in 2020 throughout the U.S.

Psychological Benefits of a Sport-Based Program for Female Cancer Survivors: The Role of Social Connections

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Perceived Ability to Cope With Trauma Scale in Portuguese Patients With Breast Cancer

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