Patients with Combat-related and War-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 10 Years After Diagnosis

Arbanas, Goran

doi:10.3325/cmj.2010.51.209

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Especially source and type of trauma were linked to specific comorbidities in previous studies (review: [3]. For example, combat-related PTSD was highly associated with comorbid substance-related disorders, depressive and personality disorders [15] while sexual dysfunction and substance-related disorders were highly prevalent after the experience of childhood or sexual trauma [16][17][18][19]. Victims of physical violence were found to be at risk for co-occurring anxiety disorders and depression [20] while phobic disorders and depression as comorbid conditions to PTSD are frequently linked to the experience of a disaster [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Factors associated with comorbidity patterns in full and partial PTSD: Findings from the PsyCoLaus study

Müller

Vandeleur

Rodgers

et al. 2014

Comprehensive Psychiatry

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Subtypes of comorbid conditions and their associated trauma and clinical characteristics in full and partial PTSD were examined. Data from 289 subjects from the general population that met criteria for full or partial PTSD were analyzed. Latent class analyses (LCA) were performed to derive homogeneous patterns of DSM-IV Axis-I disorders and anti-social personality comorbid to PTSD. Logistic regression models were conducted to characterize these classes by trauma-related and clinical features. The LCA revealed three classes: (1) low comorbidity; (2) high comorbidity with primarily substance-related disorders and a higher proportion of males; and (3) more severe PTSD-symptomatology and higher comorbid anxiety disorders and depression, almost entirely represented by females. Exposure to sexual abuse was more likely in the substance-dependent class and contributed strongly to the distinction between classes. Affective disorders tended to precede the onset of PTSD in the substance-dependent class, whereas phobias were more likely to follow PTSD in the depressed-anxious class. Posttrauma onset of alcohol use disorders in the substance dependent class confirmed the self-medication hypothesis. The three classes of comorbidity and their sequence of onset with PTSD suggest different mechanisms involved in their development. Our findings suggest that PTSD-related comorbidity subtypes also apply to individuals with partial PTSD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Factors associated with comorbidity patterns in full and partial PTSD: Findings from the PsyCoLaus study

Müller

Vandeleur

Rodgers

et al. 2014

Comprehensive Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Military combat is the most common trauma among men with PTSD. Combat-related PTSD is found in 9%–25% of war-zone veterans (Kessler et al, 1995 ; Dohrenwend et al, 2006 ; Erickson et al, 2001 ; Hoge et al, 2004) and is often persistent and comorbid with other mental disorders (Arbanas, 2010) , even after the veterans return to their civilian lives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal responses to digit span memory phases in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): A functional near infrared spectroscopy study

Tian

Yennu

Smith-Osborne

et al. 2014

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Neuroimaging studies of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-related memory impairments have consistently implicated abnormal activities in the frontal and parietal lobes. However, most studies have used block designs and could not dissociate the multiple phases of working memory. In this study, the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in working memory phases was assessed among veterans with PTSD and age-/gender-matched healthy controls. Multichannel functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was utilized to measure prefrontal cortex hemodynamic activations during memory of neutral (i.e., not trauma-related) forward and backward digit span tasks. An event-related experimental design was utilized to dissociate the different phases (i.e., encoding, maintenance and retrieval) of working memory. The healthy controls showed robust hemodynamic activations during the encoding and retrieval processes. In contrast, the veterans with PTSD were found to have activations during the encoding process, but followed by distinct deactivations during the retrieval process. The PTSD participants, but not the controls, appeared to suppress prefrontal activity during memory retrieval. This deactivation was more pronounced in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during the retrieval phase. These deactivations in PTSD patients might implicate an active inhibition of dorsolateral prefrontal neural activity during retrieval of working memory.

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“…The estimated lifetime prevalence of PTSD among American adults is 7.8% 1 . Combat-related PTSD is found in 9–25% of war-zone veterans and is often persistent and comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, even after the veterans return to their civilian lives 1 2 3 4 5 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal responses to Stroop tasks in subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder assessed by functional near infrared spectroscopy

Yennu

Tian

Smith-Osborne

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Studies on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) showing attentional deficits have implicated abnormal activities in the frontal lobe. In this study, we utilized multichannel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate selective attention-related hemodynamic activity in the prefrontal cortex among 15 combat-exposed war-zone veterans with PTSD and 13 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. While performing the incongruent Stroop task, healthy controls showed significant activations in the left lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) compared to baseline readings. This observation is consistent with previously reported results. In comparison, subjects with PTSD failed to activate left LPFC during the same Stroop task. Our observations may implicate that subjects with PTSD experienced difficulty in overcoming Stroop interference. We also observed significant negative correlation between task reaction times and hemodynamic responses from left LPFC during the incongruent Stroop task in the PTSD group. Regarding the methodology used in this study, we have learned that an appropriate design of Stroop paradigms is important for meeting an optimal cognitive load which can lead to better brain image contrasts in response to Stroop interference between healthy versus PTSD subjects. Overall, the feasibility of fNIRS for studying and mapping neural correlates of selective attention and interference in subjects with PTSD is reported.

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Patients with Combat-related and War-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 10 Years After Diagnosis

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Factors associated with comorbidity patterns in full and partial PTSD: Findings from the PsyCoLaus study

Factors associated with comorbidity patterns in full and partial PTSD: Findings from the PsyCoLaus study

Prefrontal responses to digit span memory phases in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): A functional near infrared spectroscopy study

Prefrontal responses to Stroop tasks in subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder assessed by functional near infrared spectroscopy

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