Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma May Develop Ischemic Heart Disease More Often than Those without Glaucoma: An 11-Year Population-Based Cohort Study

Chen, Yu Yen; Hu, Hsiao Yun; Chu, Dachen; Chen, Hsin‐Hua; Chang, Chin‐Kuo; Chou, Pesus

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0163210

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Meta-regression also failed to distinguish the exact source of the heterogeneity. Several factors, such as different characteristics of the populations, different quality of the included studies, different methods used to ascertain outcomes and exposure, different sample 44 Age, sex Chen (2005) 9 Age, SBP, DBP, glucose Motsko (2008) 54 Age, sex Lin (2010) 8 Age, gender, monthly income, and level of urbanization of the community in which the patient resided Lin (2010) 45 Age, sex Imai (2010) 42 Age, maximum temperature, increased abdominal circumference, elevated fasting glucose level, BP Ishikawa (2011) 52 Age, sex, DBP, IOP, and ocular perfusion pressure Newman-Casey (2011) 7 Age, sex, race, education level, household net worth, region of residence at the time of enrollment in the medical plan, cataract, pseudophakia or aphakia, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, systemic hypotension, sleep apnea, and migraine headache Lee (2012) 46 Age, sex, SBP Lin (2012) 33 Age, sex, BMI, waist, SBP, DBP, fasting sugar, and postprandial sugar Kim (2014) 34 Age, sex, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, and baseline IOP Aptel (2014) 47 Age, sex, BMI, hypertension, and thyroid dysfunction Kim (2014) 43 Age, sex Chung (2014) 53 Age, sex Kim (2014) 55 Age, sex, myopia, fasting blood glucose Chen (2014) 48 Age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, CAD, and obstructive sleep apnea Sahinoglu-Keskek (2014) 41 Age Fujiwara (2015) 49 Age, sex, SBP, diabetes, cholesterol, HDLcholesterol, BMI, waist circumference, smoking habits, alcohol intake, and regular exercise Shim (2015) 32 Age, sex Chen (2016) 50 Age, sex Chen (2016) 51 Age, gender, and comorbidities of diabetes, hypertension, and CAD Ko (2016) 35 Age, gender, ethnicity, education, insurance, diabetes duration, BMI, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, and current smoker Kim (2016) 36 Age, sex, IOP, household income, exercise, education level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and BMI Yokomichi (2016) 10 Age, sex, SBP, DBP, fasting plasma glucose Rim (2017) 37 Age, sex, hypertension, DM, chronic renal failure, atrial fibrillation, residence, income Lee (2017) 38 Age, sex, hypertension, DM, congestive heart failure, ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillat...…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperlipidemia, Blood Lipid Level, and the Risk of Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis

Wang

Bao

2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. Previous studies reported that hyperlipidemia and blood lipid levels were associated with glaucoma, ocular hypertension (OHT), and intraocular pressure (IOP). However, studies aimed at investigating this association have yielded conflicting results. Therefore, to shed light on these inconclusive findings, we performed multiple distinct meta-analyses to clarify the association of hyperlipidemia and blood lipid levels with glaucoma, OHT, and IOP. METHODS. A systematic literature search from Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed was performed to identify relevant studies. To assess the association between hyperlipidemia and glaucoma, we used the pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). When we assessed the association between blood lipid levels and IOP levels, the pooled mean difference in IOP associated with a 10 mg/dL increase in the blood lipid level was estimated. The pooled difference in IOP was also estimated between patients with and without hyperlipidemia. All the papers that assessed the correlation between hyperlipidemia and glaucoma, between blood lipid levels and IOP levels, and between hyperlipidemia and IOP were included in this meta-analysis. RESULTS. We detected a marked association between hyperlipidemia and glaucoma (OR ¼ 1.37; 95% CI ¼ 1.16-1.61), with significant heterogeneity among studies. However, hyperlipidemia was not significantly associated with glaucoma in our analysis of only crosssectional studies, studies that reported only on hypercholesterolemia patients, studies that were conducted only in North America and Europe, or studies in which normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients were included only in the subgroup analyses. The pooled results showed that an increase of 10 mg/dL in blood triglyceride levels would increase the IOP by 0.016 mm Hg (95% CI ¼ 0.009-0.024), with evident heterogeneity between studies (P < 0.001; I 2 ¼ 92.0%). The pooled results showed that the blood total cholesterol and lowdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) level both had a significant association with IOP. When compared to the patients with nonhyperlipidemia, those with hyperlipidemia had a significantly higher IOP of 0.51 mm Hg (95% CI ¼ 0.18-0.83) (P ¼ 0.001 for heterogeneity; I 2 ¼ 81.6%). CONCLUSIONS. The evidence suggests that hyperlipidemia is significantly associated with an increased risk of glaucoma and that hyperlipidemia and the increased blood lipid levels are associated with increased IOP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperlipidemia, Blood Lipid Level, and the Risk of Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis

Wang

Bao

2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…A population-based retrospective cohort study of 3510 patients with POAG from 2001 to 2011 in Taiwan demonstrated a significant association between POAG and ischaemic heart disease (aHR 1.41, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.72). 37 In addition, atherosclerotic events are risk factors for renal failure. 38 Our results demonstrated that the POAG group had a higher risk of ARF and ESRD than the WODs group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks of all-cause mortality and major kidney events in patients with new-onset primary open-angle glaucoma: a nationwide long-term cohort study in Taiwan

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveCardiovascular risk factors are associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in the general population. However, long-term mortality and major kidney events in patients with new-onset POAG remain unclear.MethodsUsing the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between 1997 and 2011, 15 185 patients with a new diagnosis of POAG were enrolled and propensity score matched (1:1) with 15 185 patients without ocular disorders (WODs). All-cause mortality and major kidney events were analysed by a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model and a competing risk regression model.ResultsThe risk of all-cause mortality was significantly higher in patients with new-onset POAG than in those WODs (adjusted HR (aHR) 2.11, 95% CI 1.76 to 2.54; p<0.001). Patients with POAG had higher risks of acute renal failure (ARF) (competing risk aHR 2.58, 95% CI 1.88 to 3.55; p<0.001) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (competing risk aHR 4.84, 95% CI 3.02 to 7.77; p<0.001) than those WODs.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate that POAG is a risk of all-cause mortality, ARF and ESRD, thus needing to notice mortality and major kidney events in patients with new-onset POAG.

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“…38 Likewise, ischemic heart disease is linked with glaucoma probably affect vasculature dysfunction. 39 Furthermore, many factors contribute to peptic ulcer including glaucoma 40 is another likely reason that may contribute to the positive association. In contrast, hypertension and its drug were identi ed as the risk factors leading to non-GS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors leading to glaucoma surgery of glaucoma patient using Japanese nationwide administrative claims data: A retrospective non-interventional cohort study

Shirai¹,

Tsuda²,

Tarasawa³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Early recognition and management of baseline risk factors may play an important role in reducing glaucoma surgery burdens. However, no studies have investigated them using real-world data in Japan or other countries. This study aimed to clarify the risk factors leading to glaucoma surgery of glaucoma patient using the Japanese nationwide administrative claims data associated with the diagnosis procedure combination (DPC) system. Methods It was a retrospective, non-interventional cohort study. Data were collected from patients who were admitted to DPC participating hospitals, nationwide acute care hospitals and diagnosed with glaucoma between 2012 to 2018. The primary outcome was the risk factors associated with glaucoma surgery. The association between baseline characteristics and glaucoma surgery was identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis by comparing patients with and without glaucoma surgery. Meanwhile, the secondary outcomes included the rate of comorbidities, the rate of concomitant drug use and the treatment patterns of glaucoma eye drops at the index admission. Among patients with glaucoma surgery, the risk factors leading to cataract surgery were also evaluated as subgroup analysis. Results A total of 29,599 patients included in the analysis, 12,038 and 17,561 patients were in the glaucoma surgery and non-glaucoma surgery cohorts, respectively. The factors associated with the increase in glaucoma surgery were having allergies, taking concomitant drugs including cancer, depression, ischemic heart disease and peptic ulcer, being diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma and longer length of stay in hospital. In contrast, the factors associated with the decrease in glaucoma surgery were having hypertension, taking hypertension drug, age ≥ 80 and female. Conclusions Special focus on Japanese patients with glaucoma who have allergy-related comorbidities or take immune, nervous, circulatory or gastrointestinal system-related concomitant drugs seems to be desirable.

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Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma May Develop Ischemic Heart Disease More Often than Those without Glaucoma: An 11-Year Population-Based Cohort Study

Cited by 38 publications

References 55 publications

Hyperlipidemia, Blood Lipid Level, and the Risk of Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis

Hyperlipidemia, Blood Lipid Level, and the Risk of Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis

Risks of all-cause mortality and major kidney events in patients with new-onset primary open-angle glaucoma: a nationwide long-term cohort study in Taiwan

Risk factors leading to glaucoma surgery of glaucoma patient using Japanese nationwide administrative claims data: A retrospective non-interventional cohort study

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