Patrones de distribución de la oferta turística mediante técnicas geoestadísticas en Extremadura (2004-2014)

Abstract

<p>El rápido incremento de la oferta de alojamientos en Extremadura no se ha visto correspondido con un aumento armónico en el número de visitantes y de pernoctaciones, hecho que ha provocado un desajuste notable entre la oferta y la demanda. El aumento de oferta se ha producido de forma desigual sobre el territorio, por lo que esta investigación pretende determinar los patrones de distribución que se detectan en los tres grandes grupos de oferta: hotelera, extrahotelera y rural, así como su evolución. Para conseguirlo, se utilizaron tanto el análisis de clúster y de valor atípico (LISA) como el análisis de puntos calientes y fríos (GI* de Getis-Ord). Ambas técnicas corroboran que los cambios detectados en la oferta de alojamientos siguen pautas similares y demuestran que la proximidad espacial no tiene un carácter espurio. Todo ello confirma el contrapuesto desarrollo turístico de Extremadura.</p>

A Spatial Analysis of Intensity in Tourism Accommodation: An Application for Extremadura (Spain)

“…In the specific case of the territory on which the present study focuses, a series of studies have been carried out with a common purpose: ascertaining the pattern of distribution in the region. As a common result of all of these it was found that tourist activities are not distributed at random in the territory; there are areas in which there is greater tourist intensity (Martín et al 2018;Sánchez Martín et al 2013;Sánchez-Rivero 2019, 2020;Sánchez-Martín et al 2019;Sánchez-Rivero 2008). To reach these conclusions, these studies used spatial association measures that allowed them to discover different clusters in which there is a greater tourist density.…”

“…However, if there is a field in which efforts have been focused on creating knowledge on tourist activities and their distribution in a space, there is no doubt that this is the distribution of the tourist offering in the territory. To do this, some studies have focused on analyzing how accommodation companies are distributed in space, using the entity itself or the places offered by each of the existing establishments as a reference base (Martín et al 2018;Yang andWong 2012, 2013;Majewska 2015Majewska , 2017Li et al 2015;Xing-Zhu and Qun 2014;Almeida-García et al 2018;Balaguer and Pernías 2013;Sánchez Martín et al 2013;Sánchez-Rivero 2019, 2020;Batista e Silva et al 2018;Sánchez-Martín et al 2019;Sánchez-Rivero 2008;Sarrión-Gavilán et al 2015). The ultimate purpose of these studies is to identify groupings of accommodation establishments in a space, i.e., the identification of spatial clusters.…”

“…The location of any tourist company in a given space favors aspects as essential for its satisfactory progress, such as the amount of resources available, the level of occupation, seasonality, or competitive intensity, among others (Cawley and Gillmor 2008;Hall 2011). In addition, it can also be influenced by factors such as accessibility or the offer of complementary accommodation or services (Martín et al 2018).…”

“…Agglomeration economics means the benefits obtained by companies as a result of being located near others, and there may be two types, location and urbanization economies (Beaudry and Martín et al 2013;Rodríguez-Rangel and Sánchez-Rivero 2019;Sánchez-Martín et al 2019). In order to overcome the second of the limitations, some authors have proposed the performance of different tests based on the characteristics of the territory under study so as to make a selection of the most appropriate distance criterion for it (Martín et al 2018;Sánchez Martín et al 2013;Sánchez-Rivero 2019, 2020). By carrying out different tests, the inherent limitation of this technique can be partly counteracted, but the results obtained remain dependent on the neighborhood criteria finally selected.…”

La reputación online de los alojamientos rurales en Extremadura desde una óptica geoestadística

“…Como consecuencia de la utilidad que posee el análisis locacional y las diferentes técnicas geoestadísticas en el contexto actual de big data, no han tardado en surgir estudios geográficos que aúnan sendos criterios a diferentes aplicaciones, ya sea para analizar los retos y oportunidades que presentan (Gutiérrez et al, 2016), o para obtener resultados sobre temas específicos (Sánchez et al, , 2018. Del mismo modo, ha surgido una nueva corriente en torno a la geográfia que multitud de autores definen como Neogeografía (Bosque, 2015), la cuál hace referencia a aquellos trabajos elaborados por actores que, sin conocimientos previos en la materia, crean su propia cartografía a través de la información disponible en la red (Turner, 2006).…”