Pattern and Risk Assessment of Bedsore in Hospitalized Patients

Abstract

Objective: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted to assess pattern and risk factors of bedsore in hospital admitted patients in Dhaka city with a sample size of 114. Methods: A pretested, modified, questionnaire was used to collect the data. All the data were entered and analyzed by using Statistical Package of Social Science 16.0 versions. Results: Study found that 17.5%, 41.2%, 27.2% and 14% of the respondents belonged to age group of 1-20 years, 21-40 years, 41-60 years and 61-80 years respectively with mean age 37.97 +16.909 years. Responsible diseases for bedsore were spinal cord injury (41.2%), fracture (30%), stroke (24%), unconsciousness (7.2%) and GBS (2.8%) respectively. Study revealed that common area of bedsore were back of the sacrum (57%), back of the scapula (34.2%), medial aspect of knee joint (22.8%), malleoli (21.1%), greater trochanter of femur (15.8%), external occipital protuberance (14%), olecranon process of ulna (9.6%), above the coccyx (9.6%), iliac crest (7%), spine of the scapula (3.5%), posterior superior iliac joint (2.6%) and sacro-iliac joint (1.8%) respectively. Study also found that superficial and deep type of bedsore were 58.8% and 41.2% consecutively. Besides study revealed that 26.3% of the respondents were diabetic, 31.6% obese, 28.1% suffering from malnutrition, 61.4% did not use pneumatic bed and 7.2% patients did not maintain proper positioning 2 hourly and these were the risk factors of this study. Significant association was found between type of bed sore and use of pneumatic bed (P=0.000<0.05) as well as nutritional status (P=0.004<0.05). Conclusions: Changing position and use of pneumatic bed was best methods of prevention of bedsore.

Demography, Diagnosis and Complications of Spinal Cord Injury Patients in a Rehabilitation Center of Bangladesh

“…It was found that 93 of the respondent (47%) were employed and 103 were unemployed (57%) which somewhat correlate with Zahangir et al, who reported 36% of the patient to be day laborer [18] and also Ulrich et al, according to whom only 22% of the patients were full time employed but does not go in line with Lali et al and other articles [4,14,17,22] (Table 1). A general trend of development of pressure sore among people with low income was found in this study which was also common in the other reports [4,11,18,19]. Most of the respondents of this study had paraplegia (56.5%) and the principle cause was trauma which was similar to the report Rahman et al but Guihan et al reported most of their patients (73.3%) had complete spinal cord injury [10, 14,20] but in all the reports the major cause of injury was reported to be trauma whether road traffic accident or fall from height or any other mechanism of traumatic injury [4,10,11,14,20,21] ( Figure 1).…”

“…The Demographic variables author took into consideration were sex, age, employment status and income of the patient. Out of 201 study population 176 were male and 25 were female and this male predominance was also reported in the previous studies carried out both locally [14,[18][19][20] and globally [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]21] (Table 1). In this study most of the patients were in their 3 rd decade which consisted 28.6% , followed by 27.4% in between 21-30 years and 26.8% in between 41-50, which was also a common finding as reported by Hossain et al [22] where mean age was 47.44 ± 13.30 [17]; Ulrich et al found it 36.1 and according to Lali et al [21] mean age was 35.3, but in some studies the age of the study population was little bit different [4,14,16,18] (Table 1).…”

Retrospective Study of Decubitus Ulcer in Hospitalized Patients

“…The main treatment aims to reduce pressure on the ulcer, systemic antibiotics if there is a severe secondary infection, wound care using topical agents, debridement and surgical intervention if needed, without a combination of topical antibiotics. 5 Systemic antibiotics that are often used are penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, macrolides and quinolones. Debridement is the removal of necrotic tissue using gauze, tweezers, scissors, a scalpel or other instrument.…”