Pattern of Acute Childhood Poisoning – A Retrospective Study in Abha City

Abstract

BACKGROUNDChildhood poisoning is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both developing and developed countries.The objectives of the study are to assess the pattern, causes, frequency and formulate measures to increase public awareness of childhood poisoning in the region. MATERIALS AND METHODSRetrospective study for pattern of paediatric poisoning in Abha city for one year starting from first of May 2016. 209 cases were seen in Emergency Department of Abha Maternity and Children Hospital in Abha City. The total number of children less than 15 years in Abha were 9600 giving annual incidence 2.1%. Data collected and filled by medical students and analysed by SPSS (Version 21.0). RESULTS132 female and 77 male (1.7:1). Two peaks were seen. At the age from 2 to 3 years and 7 years, it was found to be more in children served by caretaker other than those by their mothers 138:71 (1.94:1). Food poisoning seen more in children at the age from 6 to 7 years about 93 cases (44.5%). Whereas drug poisoning more seen in children from 2 to 4 years with predominance of Ibuprofen 39 cases (19%) followed by paracetamol 22 cases (9%). Asking their mothers about receiving any education about poisoning only 9 out of 209 (4%) which reflects the high needs for more educational programs for childhood and bearing age mothers. Unfortunately, one case died with Digoxin poisoning at age of 4 years; arrived late to the ER and died one day after arrival. CONCLUSIONChildhood poisoning still an important cause of mortality and morbidity which shows need of more public educational programs and continuous medical education for ER doctor.