Pattern of Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Species at a Tertiary Level Health Care Facility in Northern India

Singla, Pooja; Sikka, Rama; Deep, Antariksh; Seema, Seema; Chaudhary, Uma

doi:10.14260/jemds/237

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Molecular characterization of parC and gyrA genes showed PCR positivity of 82% and 100% A. baumannii are associated with a wide range of nosocomial infections encompassing meningitis, septicaemia, pneumonia, skin and wound infections, urinary tract infections and are considered as a major challenge in the patient health care [10]. In recent years, it is imperative to note the administration of fluoroquinolones, for multi-drug resistant strains of A. baumannii, as they are broad-spectrum bactericidal agents [11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Chromosomally Encoded gyrA and parC Genetic Determinants of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in A. baumannii

Singh

Girija

Priyadharsini

et al. 2020

JPRI

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Fluoroquinolones are administered as routine drugs of choice for treating complicated urinary tract infections caused by multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. It is now a world-wide issue that gyr and par induced quinolone resistance as one of the major drug resistance mechanisms. This investigation is thus aimed to assess the prevalence of quinolone resistance and to characterize the gyrA and parC producing strains of A. baumannii. Genomic DNA from 50 fluoroquinolone resistant A. baumannii were screened for gyrA and parC by PCR for the genetic relatedness with fluoroquinolone resistance, with sequencing of the representative strains. All the strains were positive for gyrA(100%) and 82% (n=41) for parC. Presence of parC was observed in 56.09% (n=23) ciprofloxacin resistant A. baumannii with 43.90% (n=18) in levofloxacin resistant A. baumannii. The findings of the present study showed the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance among A. baumannii in urinary tract infections and the frequency of gyrA and parC in inducing the resistance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Chromosomally Encoded gyrA and parC Genetic Determinants of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in A. baumannii

Singh

Girija

Priyadharsini

et al. 2020

JPRI

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“…In a similar study conducted by Oberoi et al (2013), co-production of ESBL, MBL, and AmpC beta-lactamase was seen in 52 (19.04%) of bacterial isolates. Another study conducted by Singla et al (2014) reported 29% co-production of ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase in Acinetobacter spp. The co-existence of different classes of beta-lactamases in a single bacterial isolate may pose diagnostic and treatment challenges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Bacteriological Profile and Detection of β-Lactamase Producing Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples of Neonates

Sigdel¹,

Khanal²,

Thakur³

2023

Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol

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The clinical impact of β-lactamase has become a public health problem around the world in terms of increased morbidity and mortality, especially in the child population. This study was aimed at determining the bacteriological profile and detection of β-lactamase producing bacteria isolated from the blood samples of neonates. For this study, a total of 1335 blood samples of neonates admitted in NICU, SCBU, and sepsis-suspected neonates visiting Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal were collected and processed. Blood culture was performed and the identification of bacteria was done by following standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by using the Kirby Bauer Disk Diffusion method and confirmation of ESBL, MBL, and KPC-producing bacteria was done by Combined Disk Test. The prevalence rate of neonatal sepsis was found to be 17%. K. pneumoniae 116 (50.2%) was the predominant Gram-negative bacteria followed by K. oxytoca 31 (13.4%) whereas S. aureus 39 (16.9%) was the predominant Gram-positive bacteria causing neonatal sepsis. Among 182 Gram-negative bacterial isolates, 69 (37.9%), 22 (12.1%), and 14(31.1%) were found to be ESBL, MBL, and KPC producers respectively. K. oxytoca (54.8%), Enterobacter spp. (25%) and Citrobacter spp. (14.3%) were the predominant ESBL, MBL, and KPC producers respectively. The co-production of ESBL, MBL, and KPC was also found among the 5 Gram-negative bacteria. Colistin, Meropenem, and Imipenem seem to be the choice of the drug against Gram-negative bacteria, whereas Vancomycin and Cefoxitin seem to be the choice of the drug against Gram-positive bacteria. Therefore, to lessen the burden of antibiotic resistance, it is essential to conduct regular antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance, periodic reviews of hospital settings, and early detection of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(2): 66-77.

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“…Predominance of A. baumannii (90.6%) was reported by Raina et al [18], followed by A. lwoffii and A. haemolyticus showed an isolation rate of 5.7% and 3.8% respectively. Singlaet al [24] have reported an isolation rate of 74.6% for A. baumannii followed by A.lwoffii (24.3%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Characterisation of Acinetobacter with special reference to carbapenem resistance and biofilm formation

Pattanaik¹,

Banashankari²

2019

Trop J Pathol Microbiol

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Background: Acinetobacter species cause hospital outbreaks and are often multidrug resistant. A wide range of resistance determinants make them successful nosocomial pathogens. In the present study, authors have identified and speciated Acinetobacter from various clinical specimens by a simplified phenotypic identification scheme determined their antibiotic susceptibility pattern focussing on Carbapenem resistance and have also evaluated their biofilm producing ability. Method: Clinical samples were screened for Acinetobacter species and isolates were speciated. Antibiogram was determined by performing Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Isolates resistant to Carbapenems were subjected to Modified Hodge Test (MHT) and Meropenem-EDTA Combined Disc Test (CDT). These isolates were further evaluated for their biofilm forming ability by the Microtitre Plate Method. Results: Out of 174 isolates, the species most frequently isolated was Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex (ACB) (89.1%). 70.1% isolates were resistant to Carbapenems, of which 45.1% were MHT positive and 73.8% were CDT positive. 63.7% of the isolates were biofilm producers. Conclusion: Simple identification schemes and antimicrobial susceptibility testing are cost effective and require fewer resources. Screening for Carbapenem resistance can help avoid unnecessary use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and thereby prevent treatment failure. Biofilms lead to decreased penetrability of antibiotics and make managing infections a clinical challenge. Further research is required to have a better understanding of the mechanism of biofilm formation and its implication in drug resistance. Duration and type of study:This was a prospective study done on clinical samples like pus, urine, blood, respiratory specimen, peritoneal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid received for culture and sensitivity in the department of Microbiology at M.S Ramaiah Medical College and Teaching Hospital during the period of 1 year (January 2016 to December 2016).Sampling method: All the samples sent for culture and sensitivity to the microbiology laboratory over the period of one year were included in the study. Sample size calculation:Sample size calculation was based on a previous study conducted by Mindolli et al [2] where Acinetobacter species were isolated from 4.25% of positive cultures. In the present study, considering an absolute precision of 3% and confidence level of 95%, sample size was calculated to be 174 with the help of n-master software. Inclusion criteria:Clinical samples like urine, pus, respiratory specimen, peritoneal fluid, blood, cerebrospinal fluid were screened for Acinetobacter species in a period of 1 year ( Exclusion criteria: No exclusion criteria envisaged.Data analysis: IBM SPSS version 20 software was used for analysing the data. Ethical consideration and permission:Ethical clearance was obtained from the institutional ethical committee.Laboratory procedures-All specimens received were subjected to direct microscopy and culture: The specimens were inoculated ...

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Pattern of Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Species at a Tertiary Level Health Care Facility in Northern India

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Frequency of Chromosomally Encoded gyrA and parC Genetic Determinants of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in A. baumannii

Frequency of Chromosomally Encoded gyrA and parC Genetic Determinants of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in A. baumannii

Bacteriological Profile and Detection of β-Lactamase Producing Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples of Neonates

Characterisation of Acinetobacter with special reference to carbapenem resistance and biofilm formation

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