Pattern of associated brain injury in maxillofacial trauma: a retrospective study from a high-volume centre

Fernandes, Trishala Bhadauria; Mandrekar, Pooja Narendra; Visen, Abhyuday; Khandeparker, Purva Vijay Sinai; Dhupar, Vikas; Akkara, Francis

doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.09.002

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In a previous study, the facial bones were described as a 'buffer' that could mitigate the severity of craniofacial injuries, [23][24][25] whereas other studies have proposed the reverse. 6,7,10,17,26 In this study, the most prevalent MF locations were the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus and the zygomatic arch, whereas medial and lateral orbital wall fractures were more common in patients with TBIs, possibly due to their anatomical proximity to the frontal sinus. We further evaluated the association between MFs and TBIs and revealed a strong correlation between fracture sites and TBIs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Factors influencing traumatic brain injuries in maxillofacial fractures: A 12‐year retrospective analysis of 2841 patients

Mao,

Xue,

et al. 2024

Dental Traumatology

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Background/AimResults of studies investigating the association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and maxillofacial fractures (MFs) have varied considerably. The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation between TBIs and MFs, as well as the impact of age, sex, trauma mechanism, and season on TBIs.Materials and MethodsThis 12‐year retrospective study of 2841 patients used univariate and multivariate logistic regression to assess the association between MFs and other factors impacting TBIs.ResultsAmong 2841 patients, 1978 TBIs occurred in 829 (29.2%), with intracranial injuries (n = 828) is the most common. Of 829 patients with TBIs, 688 were male and 141 were female, corresponding to a male‐to‐female ratio of 4.9:1.0. The most common age group was 40–49 years (24.6%). Vehicles (including motor vehicles and electric vehicles) accidents were the primary causes of injuries. Multivariate regression analyses revealed an increased risk for TBIs among males (odds ratio [OR] 0.632, p < 0.001). Patients >40 years of age were at higher risk for TBIs, especially those ≥70 years (OR 3.966, p = 0.001). Vehicle accidents were a high‐risk factor for TBIs (OR 6.894, p < 0.001), and winter was the most prevalent season for such injuries (OR 1.559, p = 0.002). Risk for TBI increased by 136.4% in combined midfacial and mandibular fractures (p = 0.016) and by 101.6% in multiple midfacial fractures (p = 0.045). TBIs were less common in single mandibular fractures, notably in single‐angle fractures, with a risk of only 0.204‐fold.ConclusionTBIs in MFs were significantly correlated with sex, age, aetiology, season and fracture location. Maxillofacial surgeons and emergency physicians must be aware of the possible association between TBIs and MFs to assess and manage this complicated relationship in a timely manner.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Factors influencing traumatic brain injuries in maxillofacial fractures: A 12‐year retrospective analysis of 2841 patients

Mao,

Xue,

et al. 2024

Dental Traumatology

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“…Several prior studies have found an association between fractures and intracranial injury, especially with zygomatic and LeFort fractures. 21,25,26 Given the broad range of injuries that are captured within the term "midface fracture," it would be interesting to assess each specific pattern within this category to determine which ones, if not all, are significant risk factors for intracranial injury. When looking at pediatric cranial vault fractures, a higher age group was found to significantly increase the risk for intracranial injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although less in magnitude, we also found a 1.5-fold increased risk of intracranial injury in cases of isolated midface fractures. Several prior studies have found an association between midface fractures and intracranial injury, especially with zygomatic and LeFort fractures 21,25,26 . Given the broad range of injuries that are captured within the term “midface fracture,” it would be interesting to assess each specific pattern within this category to determine which ones, if not all, are significant risk factors for intracranial injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Acute-Level Hospital Course in Pediatric Craniofacial Fractures

Perez-Otero,

Cassidy,

Morrison

et al. 2024

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Purpose: The pediatric craniofacial trauma literature is limited to single institutions or short study periods. Herein, this study analyzes a national database over 10 years to delineate the epidemiology of pediatric craniofacial fractures and to identify risk factors for acute-level hospital course in the largest series to date. Methods: Utilizing the National Trauma Data Bank, pediatric craniofacial fractures admitted between 2010 and 2019 were identified. Descriptive analyses and multivariable regression were performed to identify risk factors for acute-level hospital course. Results: A total of 155,136 pediatric craniofacial fracture cases were reviewed, including cranial vault (49.0%), nasal (22.4%), midface (21.0%), mandibular (20.2%), and orbital floor fractures (13.7%). Midface and orbital floor fractures occurred commonly as multicraniofacial fractures. Cranial vault fractures were the most common among all age groups, but frequency declined with age. In contrast, facial fractures increased with age. Despite the inherent complexity of multicraniofacial trauma, isolated fractures remained a concern for acute-level hospital course. Cranial vault and midface fractures had an increased risk of intracranial injury and intensive care unit admission (P<0.001). Mandibular and midface fractures had an increased risk for cervical spine fracture and tracheostomy (P<0.001). Patient and injury-specific risk factors among the fractures with the strongest association for each outcome-cranial vault and mandible-were identified. Conclusions: The inherent limitations of prior studies—geographical biases, small cohorts, and short-term study periods—were addressed. Describing the independent contribution of each craniofacial fracture to the risk of acute-level hospital course outcomes can be employed to better optimize risk stratification, counseling, and management.

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“…Studies have identified the commonest mechanisms of injury in the maxillofacial region as; motor vehicle and motorcycle collisions [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], assault [ 8 , 15 , 16 ], and falls [ 17 , 18 ]. Additionally, MI has been identified as one of the commonest forms of injury in gender-based violence [ 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Evidence on the Epidemiology and Cost Associated with Maxillofacial Injury among Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Protocol

Adeleke

Hlongwa

Makhunga

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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(1) Background: Maxillofacial injury (MI) occurs universally, for it disregards preference for age, gender, and geographical region. The global incidence and prevalence of facial fractures rose by 39.45% and 54.39%, respectively, between the years 1990 to 2017. Projections indicate that the burden of injuries will persist in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in the next twenty years. This scoping review aims to map the literature on MI epidemiology and the economic burden on society in SSA. (2) Methods: The methodology presented by Arksey and O’Malley and extended by Levac and colleagues will be employed in the scoping review. The researcher will report the proposed review through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review, and Meta-Analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The review will include studies encompassing MI in sub-Saharan African adults 18 years and above. (3) Results: This will be presented as a thematic analysis of the data extracted from the included studies, and the Nvivo version 12 will be employed. (4) Discussion: We anticipate searching for related literature on the prevalence, incidence, risk factors, mortality, and cost associated with MI in the adult population of SSA. The conclusion from the review will assist in ascertaining research gaps, informing policy, planning, authorizing upcoming research, and prioritizing funding for injury prevention and management.

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Pattern of associated brain injury in maxillofacial trauma: a retrospective study from a high-volume centre

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Factors influencing traumatic brain injuries in maxillofacial fractures: A 12‐year retrospective analysis of 2841 patients

Factors influencing traumatic brain injuries in maxillofacial fractures: A 12‐year retrospective analysis of 2841 patients

Risk Factors for Acute-Level Hospital Course in Pediatric Craniofacial Fractures

Mapping Evidence on the Epidemiology and Cost Associated with Maxillofacial Injury among Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Protocol

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