Pattern of cigarette smoking effect on periodontal pocketing and attachment loss: a retrospective study

Radvar, Mehrdad; Darby, Ivan; Polster, A; Arashi, Mohammad; Moeintaghavi, Amir; Sohrabi, Keyvan

doi:10.1111/j.1601-5037.2010.00496.x

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…With the effect of CS on epithelial structure, smokers may thus be more at risk of periodontal dysfunction, leading to deep periodontium pocket formation . These pockets facilitate the accumulation of microbes, which, in turn, causes severe periodontitis owing to activation of the inflammatory pathways . Moreover, epithelial hyperplasia observed in smokers may be the result of cell proliferation and the modulation of multiple keratin markers .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated exposure to whole cigarette smoke promotes primary human gingival epithelial cell growth and modulates keratin expression

Alharbi

Rouabhia

2016

J of Periodontal Research

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confidence: 99%

Repeated exposure to whole cigarette smoke promotes primary human gingival epithelial cell growth and modulates keratin expression

Alharbi

Rouabhia

2016

J of Periodontal Research

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“…In several studies, smokers showed greater PD than non-smokers 25 , or had greater CAL, increased bone loss, deeper periodontal pockets, than nonsmokers 8,25 . There was no statistically significant difference in most clinical parameters evaluated, or in the levels of LL-37 and hBD-2 between smoking and nonsmoking patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LL-37 and hBD-2 in the gingival crevicular fluid of smokers and nonsmokers with periodontitis

Lopes

Colombo

Assem

et al. 2021

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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Introduction The association between smoking and periodontal diseases has been described in clinical and epidemiological studies. Objective The aim of this study was to compare the LL-37 and human β-defensin-2 (hBD-2) levels in crevicular fluid of patients with generalized periodontitis in smokers (S) and nonsmokers (NS). Material and method A total of 35 patients with generalized periodontitis stages III and IV, 15 NS (11 female, 4 male) and 20 S (7 female and 13 male), were included in the study. The evaluated clinical parameters were bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed to quantify the LL-37 and hBD-2 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid of these patients. The results were analyzed statistically with the level of significance set at 5%. Result In relation to periodontal clinical parameters, no statistically significant difference was observed for BOP and PD between groups S and NS. There was a higher CAL in the S group than in the NS group (p = 0.0095). There was no statistically significant difference between the levels of LL-37 and hBD-2 when comparing groups S and NS (p>0.05). Conclusion It was concluded that smokers have a higher clinical attachment loss than nonsmokers, but that smoking did not influence the levels of LL-37 and hBD-2 in the gingival crevicular fluid in periodontitis.

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“…Nicotine is a highly addictive chemical substance present in tobacco and causes nicotine dependence which makes quitting smoking, is very difficult being the major obstacle in smoking cessation programs. It is rapidly absorbed via the oral mucosa and the lung alveoli in such quantities producing its pharmacological effects [6]. On regular smoking, the nicotine binds in the brain to nicotinic cholinergic receptors and opens ion channels for sodium and calcium; elevated intracellular calcium concentration stimulates the release of neurotransmitters including dopamine which is responsible for the pleasant experience and promotion of the re-administration behaviour [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Nicotine Dependence and Its Potential Predictors Among a Cohort of Current Egyptian Cigarette Smokers - A Preparatory Phase of a Workplace Anti-Smoking Initiative: Part I

Mohammed

Rashad

Hashish

2023

Int J Health Sci Res

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Aim: Combating smoking in workplaces is a cornerstone to fight smoking in the whole community. However, nicotine dependence (ND) is a key barrier to successful smoking cessation. The study assessed the nicotine dependence status and its potential predictors among a cohort of current Egyptian cigarette smokers. Subjects and methods: Cross- sectional survey was conducted on a random sample of cigarette- smoking workers. ND status was assessed using the standard 6-items of FTND, Heaviness of the smoking index, and smoking parameters. The potential predictors for nicotine dependence have been studied including personal and smoking characteristics, the urinary cotinine creatinine ratio, knowledge, and smoking perception. Results: A total of 113 current male cigarette smokers were included randomly in the survey. High nicotine-dependent smokers represented 80.5% of the smokers, high nicotine dependence was significantly more prevalent in low-educated than the highly educated (p<0.0001). The linear regression analysis model revealed a significant negative linear correlation between the age of starting smoking of the participants and their FTND score and a significant positive correlation with Cigarette Consumption/day, smoking rate, and urinary cotinine creatinine ratio (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Nicotine dependence was highly prevalent among smokers, so combined approaches should be considered in the treatment strategy. The age of starting regular smoking, number of cigarette consumption/day, smoking rate, and urinary cotinine creatinine concentration ratio were significantly good predictors for nicotine dependence and increase vulnerability for its development. Combating starting smoking before 21 years old is a key to prevent nicotine dependence. The treatment priority should focus on smokers willing to change and want to be treated. The laws which prohibit smoking in workplaces must be activated. Key words: Smoking, Nicotine-dependence, Workplaces, Combating smoking

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Pattern of cigarette smoking effect on periodontal pocketing and attachment loss: a retrospective study

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Repeated exposure to whole cigarette smoke promotes primary human gingival epithelial cell growth and modulates keratin expression

Repeated exposure to whole cigarette smoke promotes primary human gingival epithelial cell growth and modulates keratin expression

LL-37 and hBD-2 in the gingival crevicular fluid of smokers and nonsmokers with periodontitis

Assessment of Nicotine Dependence and Its Potential Predictors Among a Cohort of Current Egyptian Cigarette Smokers - A Preparatory Phase of a Workplace Anti-Smoking Initiative: Part I

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