Pattern of congenital orthopeadic malformations in an African teaching hospital

Omololu, B; Ogunlade, SO; Alonge, T O

doi:10.4314/wajm.v24i2.28174

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…In the diverse birth population of Dar es Salaam, we observed that NTDs, one of the selected external structural defects with the greatest opportunity for prevention, were the most prevalent structural defect followed by musculoskeletal defects. This finding is in contrast to other studies conducted in different parts of the world – Uganda, Nigeria, South Africa and Israel– where musculoskeletal defects were the most common birth defects [ 10 – 14 ]. This may be due to our study’s focus on just two major birth defects of the musculoskeletal system.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Birth prevalence of selected external structural birth defects at four hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2011–2012

Kishimba

Mpembeni

Mghamba

et al. 2015

Journal of Global Health

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Background94% of all birth defects (BD) and 95% of deaths due to the BD occur in low and middle income countries, many of which are preventable. In Tanzania, there is currently a paucity of BD data necessary to develop data informed prevention activities.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was conducted of deliveries identified with BD in the labor ward registers at four Dar es Salaam hospitals between October, 2011 and February, 2012. The birth prevalence of structural BD, case fatality proportion, and the distribution of structural defects associated deaths within total deaths were calculated.ResultsA total of 28 217 resident births were encountered during the study period. Overall birth prevalence of selected defects was 28.3/10 000 live births. Neural tube defects and indeterminate sex were the most and least common defects at birth (9.9 and 1.1/10 000 live births, respectively). Among stillbirths (66.7%) and deaths that occurred within less than 5 days of an affected live birth (18.5%), neural tube defects were the most frequently associated structural defect.ConclusionStructural BD is common and contributes to perinatal mortality in Dar es Salaam. More than half of perinatal deaths encountered among the studied selected external structural BD are associated with neural tube defects, a birth defect with well–established evidence based prevention interventions. By establishing a population–based BD surveillance program, Tanzania would have the information about neural tube defects and other major structural BD needed to develop and monitor prevention activities.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Birth prevalence of selected external structural birth defects at four hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2011–2012

Kishimba

Mpembeni

Mghamba

et al. 2015

Journal of Global Health

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“…In the Kikuyu Bantu, Kenya, 2 cases of typical DDH are described [154]. In a review of 284 children with congenital orthopaedic malformations in an African teaching hospital (Ibadan, Nigeria), DDH accounted for only 2.2% of all congenital malformations [155]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiology and Demographics of Hip Dysplasia

2011

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The etiology of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is unknown. There are many insights, however, from epidemiologic/demographic information. A systematic medical literature review regarding DDH was performed. There is a predominance of left-sided (64.0%) and unilateral disease (63.4%). The incidence per 1000 live births ranges from 0.06 in Africans in Africa to 76.1 in Native Americans. There is significant variability in incidence within each racial group by geographic location. The incidence of clinical neonatal hip instability at birth ranges from 0.4 in Africans to 61.7 in Polish Caucasians. Predictors of DDH are breech presentation, positive family history, and gender (female). Children born premature, with low birth weights, or to multifetal pregnancies are somewhat protected from DDH. Certain HLA A, B, and D types demonstrate an increase in DDH. Chromosome 17q21 is strongly associated with DDH. Ligamentous laxity and abnormalities in collagen metabolism, estrogen metabolism, and pregnancy-associated pelvic instability are well-described associations with DDH. Many studies demonstrate an increase of DDH in the winter, both in the northern and southern hemispheres. Swaddling is strongly associated with DDH. Amniocentesis, premature labor, and massive radiation exposure may increase the risk of DDH. Associated conditions are congenital muscular torticollis and congenital foot deformities. The opposite hip is frequently abnormal when using rigorous radiographic assessments. The role of acetabular dysplasia and adult hip osteoarthritis is complex. Archeological studies demonstrate that the epidemiology of DDH may be changing.

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“…Over the past decade, Ponseti management of CTEV has become accepted throughout the world as the most effective and least expensive, with a success rate exceeding 95% (Adewole et al, 2014). The treatment is started soon after birth and this is done by weekly serial manipulation and casting in maximum correction to correct the various deformities (Omololu et al, 2005). A percutaneous tenotomy is performed where necessary to correct the equinus deformity and the foot is placed in a last cast for 3 weeks (Morquende et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achievement of developmental milestones in children with idiopathic clubfoot treated with Ponseti method in Lagos Nigeria

Famude¹,

Adewole²,

Komolafe³

2018

Af Jrl. Phys Rehab Sci

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SUMMARYClubfoot, also known as congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV), is a congenital deformity involving one foot or both. It is a relatively common birth defect occurring in about one in every 1,000 live births. No study has been carried out to determine if there is delay in gross motor milestones in children with idiopathic clubfoot treated with Ponseti method in this part of the world. This study was conducted to investigate this.In this prospective study, 48 children with idiopathic clubfoot who were compliant with the foot abduction brace were enrolled. Parents were interviewed repeatedly to obtain the ages of achievement of 8 motor milestones and the data was stored and analysed using SPSS version 17.Forty-eight children with mean age of 1.2 months as at first casting and a male: female ratio of 3.8:1 satisfied the inclusion criteria. Of the eight milestones studied, the mean age of achievement of one of them was significantly greater (P<0.05) compared with normative data. Pre-ambulatory and crawling milestones showed no significant difference, but independent ambulation was achieved up to 2 months later.Although there were significant delays in upright ambulation in children with idiopathic clubfoot treated with Ponseti method, they all walked.These findings should enable clinicians alleviate the concerns and fears of the parents of children with idiopathic clubfoot and assure them of a positive prognosis regarding developmental milestone achievement in spite of delays.

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Pattern of congenital orthopeadic malformations in an African teaching hospital

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Birth prevalence of selected external structural birth defects at four hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2011–2012

Birth prevalence of selected external structural birth defects at four hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2011–2012

The Epidemiology and Demographics of Hip Dysplasia

Achievement of developmental milestones in children with idiopathic clubfoot treated with Ponseti method in Lagos Nigeria

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