Pattern of maxillofacial fractures at a tertiary hospital in northern India: a 4-year retrospective study of 718 patients

Abstract

Better socio-economic status of people, increased vehicular movements and non-implementation of road safety norms have increased road traffic accidents. Proper education of the people who are most commonly involved in the RTA can be one of the possible ways to reduce the maxillofacial injuries.

Non-white people have a greater risk for maxillofacial trauma: findings from a 24-month retrospective study in Brazil

“…. The explanation for the increase if interpersonal violence is higher alcohol consumption, drug abuse and social disparities due to unequal wealth distribution 1,16,17 . It was found that skin color, a marker of social inequality, 5,6 represents a risk factor for facial traumas, since black and brown victims tended to have more lesions in the middle third of the face.…”

“…The face is usually the first area to be damaged in case of physical aggression, car accidents and falls, which makes the maxillofacial region very susceptible to traumas due to its prominence 1 . Traumas of the maxillofacial complex represent one of the most important health problems worldwide, especially because of the high incidence and the diversity of facial lesions 2 .…”

“…Moreover, as they usually live far from the central urban areas, they are more exposed to violent episodes 6 . There are many studies worldwide evaluating traumas in the oral and maxillofacial region 1,3,7 and some of them conducted in Brazil 4,8 . Literature has identified different causes for traumas in developed and developing countries.…”

Treatment-assessment of Zygoma-tripod, -quadripod, -arch and Orbital floor Fractures in the Elderly Patient: Results of a Longitudinal Clinical Study of 20 years (1995-2015) with 1318 Patients in a General Traumatology-department and Evidence-based Treatm

“…Few studies were published recently investigating the incidence and causes of facial-bone-trauma and prevalence of zygoma-tripod, -quadripod, -arch and orbital floor-fractures in the growing elderly population of 70 years + in various parts of the world [6][7][8][9][10][11] but only isolated studies suggest therapy-guidelines for treatment modalities in this increasing patient-group with mostly general chronic-disease anamnesis [12,13] which should be based on a multidisciplinary…”

“…1 -2,7 mm) and no fracture-stages/fracture-crepitations/maxillary mobility palpable in clinical investigation (Figure 2) b) Fractures with dislocations above critical-size-defects (2,7mm [17]) and/or fracture-stages/fracture-crepitations/maxillary mobility palpable in clinical investigation ( Figure 3) According to the category of the fracture-classification, patients were sorted into two therapy-groups from the CMF-surgeons point of view, basically with a less invasive approach than proposed in the literature [18,19]. Basically a more conservative surgical treatment approach was followed [8,9] in favour of only closed transcutaneous fracture reduction [20] and only optional open reduction, osteosynthesis and orbital-floor-reconstruction.…”