Pattern of Pediatric HIV/AIDS: A Five-Year Experience in a Tertiary Hospital

Onankpa, Ben; Airede, LR; Paul, Ibitoye; Dorcas, Idowu

doi:10.1016/s0027-9684(15)31376-6

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This observation is similar to findings in previous Nigerian studies thus highlighting the need for more effective prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV programs [18][19][20]. Most of the patients in the present study presented at the symptomatic and advanced clinical stages of HIV in which coinfections are common.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Intestinal Parasitoses in HIV Infected Children in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital

Oyedeji

Adejuyigbe

Oninla

et al. 2015

JCDR

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Background: Intestinal parasitoses are common amongst people living in developing countries. They may impact negatively on the growth and health of immune competent children. There is paucity of information on the association between HIV and intestinal parasitoses in African children.Objective: To identify the intestinal infections responsible for infections in HIV infected children and document characteristics of HIV infected children at a Nigerian teaching hospital. Materials and Methods:Consecutive children attending a Paediatric anti-retroviral clinic were studied. Information such as socio-demographics and clinical characteristics elicited from clinical examination were recorded in the proforma. Stool samples of the children were obtained and examined for intestinal parasites. Data was analysed with the SPSS 18 software.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Intestinal Parasitoses in HIV Infected Children in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital

Oyedeji

Adejuyigbe

Oninla

et al. 2015

JCDR

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“…7 A study on paediatric HIV infection from Sokoto showed that 0.2% of infections resulted from sexual abuse. 16 The initial antibody HIV test in all those tested was negative. However, due to the short follow up period, it was not possible to determine those who may have sero-converted, although antibody testing is not the most sensitive method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Child sexual abuse in Zaria, Northwestern Nigeria

Bugaje¹,

Ogunrinde²,

Faruk³

2012

Nig. J. Paed.

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Abstract:Background: Child sexual abuse has been reported from all corners of the globe, and all age groups and both sexes are affected. Although the trauma of abuse heals with time, it leaves long term psychological and medical problems. This study was aimed at documenting the pattern of child sexual abuse in Zaria, Northern Nigeria. Methods: Retrospective study of case notes of all patients seen with a history of sexual abuse, from August 2008 to October 2009, at a primary health centre in Northwestern Nigeria. Results: A total of twenty cases were seen out of a total of 33, 313, which gave a prevalence rate of 0.06%. There were three boys and 17 girls, with a male: female ratio of 1: 5.7. The age range was 3-13 years, with a mode of 7years. Majority (19, 95%) were aged 12 years and below. Eleven cases (55%) attended school, while three (15%) were hawkers. Twelve (60%) of the children presented more than 72 hours after the assault. Twelve (60%) cases were abused more than once, and there was evidence of genital trauma in 60% of cases. The assailants were all males, and identified in 70% of the cases. Of those identified, 55% of them had previously been suspected of committing sexual abuse. In 55% of cases the assailants were either household members or neighbours. Only 12 (60%) of incidents were reported to the police. Legal outcome was not known in any of the cases. All the cases defaulted to follow-up. Conclusion: Child sexual abuse is not an uncommon problem in Zaria. There is a need to ensure follow-up after treating immediate medical problems, in order to manage and prevent the long-term psychological problems of sexual abuse. The high default rate to follow-up needs to be further investigated. The legal outcome in all the cases was unknown.

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“…PMTCT programs can reduce the risk of MTCT to less than 2%, and is today the most efficacious tool for preventing pediatric HIV infection globally [2][3][4][5] . PMTCT programs have witnessed appreciable success in Nigeria with documented MTCT rates ranging from 1.3%-4.8% in mother-baby pairs who received antiretroviral therapy (ART), compared to MTCT rates ranging from 39.8%-68.0% where no intervention was administered [6][7][8][9] . Nevertheless, MTCT is still a critical challenge of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in resource limited settings (RLS) [10][11][12][13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EID is a vital intervention which allows countries to provide essential health services for all children and to continue to make progress in keeping children alive and healthy. Standard HIV antibody testing -as is done with adults and older children -cannot identify infected infants in their first year of life, as it also detects maternal HIV antibodies that are transferred to the baby during pregnancy (and subsequently decline slowly within the first year of life) [8,9] . More demanding testing methods that rely on detecting HIV-1, or virological tests are required for diagnosing infants [19] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HIV DNA PCR test is the most widely used initial assay for EID in industrialized countries [1] . Early HIV virological detection test at or after 6 wk of age for all HIV-exposed children identifies most children infected before, during and immediately after delivery [6][7][8][9] . The guideline for early infant diagnosis in Nigeria provides that all HIV exposed infants have a first HIV diagnostic test at 6 wk of age, a follow-up test at 6 wk after cessation of breastfeeding and a confirmatory HIV test at 18 mo [26][27][28] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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