Pattern reconfigurable ESPAR antenna for vehicle‐to‐vehicle communications

Marantis, Leonidas; Rongas, Dimitrios K.; Paraskevopoulos, Anastasios; Oikonomopoulos-Zachos, Christos; Kanatas, Αthanasios G.

doi:10.1049/iet-map.2017.0209

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Seven other studies were chosen. The first four designs [11,12,13,14] are 2-dimensional (2-D) PCB structures, and the rest [15,20,21] into comparison is duo to the lack of bucked vertical diversity design in the public literature. It is first noticed that except [20], all the previous studies used a fixed antenna feed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last decade, several MIMO antennas with reconfigurable radiation patterns have been proposed. In [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], a unidirectional antenna design based on the Yagi-Uda antenna concept was proposed using various combinations of directors and reflectors to achieve pattern-reconfigurable features. In this approach, parasitic elements can be designed to be shorter or longer than active elements for ensuring that the pattern is pulled toward the desired direction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel 2.4-GHz Low-Profile Smart MIMO Antenna with Reconfigurable Frequency-Selective Reflectors

Tsai¹,

Sun²,

Chung³

et al. 2020

AEM

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In this paper, a new low-profile smart multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system is presented for WiFi IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax applications. The proposed compact 2.4-GHz antenna system employs two beam-switching antenna cells for MIMO operation. Each antenna cell is composed of four reconfigurable frequency-selective reflectors (RFSRs) and a one-to-four switching feeding network. The RFSRs are constructed using a one-wavelength metal loop resonator, which functions as a radiating antenna or a wave reflector to reflect beams along a specific direction, as controlled by the switching network. The feeding switching network utilizes PIN diodes to adjust the phase and impedance required for changing the operational status of each RFSR. The overall dimensions of the antenna system, including the metallic ground, are 120 mm ´ 120 mm ´ 9.5 mm. Moreover, the measured operational bandwidth of the 2.4-GHz antenna is approximately 100 MHz, and the radiation efficiency of each directed beam is 40%–70%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel 2.4-GHz Low-Profile Smart MIMO Antenna with Reconfigurable Frequency-Selective Reflectors

Tsai¹,

Sun²,

Chung³

et al. 2020

AEM

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“…As a result, an L-shaped metal strip is created reflecting the radiation and constructing a directive beam towards the opposite side. A main disadvantage of the ESPAR antennas, as it has been reported in our previous works [13,31,32], is the significant deviations in the reflection coefficient (S 11 ) that occur among the different antenna states, due to the different current distributions on the parasitic elements and its effect on the antenna's input impedance. For this reason, a reconfigurable stub matching approach is employed involving a single-stub shunt tuning circuit in order to correct the deviations.…”

Section: Dimension Value Dimension Valuementioning

confidence: 92%

“…To the best of our knowledge, our research group was the first that proposed a printed monopole ESPAR antenna, designed and experimentally verified for a frequency close to 6 GHz (5.9 GHz) for V2X communications [13]. In the present paper, these antenna designs [13,31,32] are considerably optimized by offering, for the first time, two significant novelty points among others: (a) integration of a switched impedance matching network in the ESPAR design and (b) integration of the ESPAR in a shark-fin structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

An Integrated Shark-Fin Reconfigurable Antenna for V2x Communications

Rongas¹,

Paraskevopoulos²,

Marantis³

et al. 2020

PIER C

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This paper focuses on the design, development, and integration of a V2X shark-fin antenna. A novel planar Electronically Switched Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) antenna, operating at 5.9 GHz, is proposed. The antenna exhibits pattern reconfigurability, i.e., one quasi-omni and two directive beams, low cost, reduced complexity, and small dimensions. Therefore, it is considered as an ideal candidate for integrating inside a shark-fin casing. The ESPAR antenna prototype is fabricated and tested in three different measurement scenarios: (a) free-space, (b) inside shark-fin, and (c) shark-fin with ground plane. A good correlation between simulated and experimental results has been obtained. The proposed antenna involves a reconfigurable impedance matching network that is integrated in the antenna design, and thus, it demonstrates a satisfactory impedance matching for all antenna states. A considerable gain enhancement (3-4 dB) is also recorded between the omnidirectional and two directive patterns.

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“…In Reference 27, a compact microstrip antenna capable of six different beam tilts with six PIN diodes within 3.5‐3.9 GHz, and maximum efficiency and gain of 86% and 6 dB, respectively, was presented. Also, an electronically‐switchable parasitic antenna array with three pattern tilts using two PIN diodes with maximum efficiency and gain of 97% and 5.92 dB, respectively, around 5.9 GHz was reported in Reference 28. In Reference 29, two beam tilts using two PIN diodes in a 3D cubic slot antenna were reported, with peak gain of 4.2 dB around 2.4 GHz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna with pattern reconfiguration and correlation reduction for WLAN applications

Gaya

Sokunbi

Hamza

et al. 2020

Engineering Reports

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A Yagi-Uda inspired novel pattern reconfigurable multiple-input-multipleoutput (MIMO) antenna array is proposed in this article. The antenna consists of two co-axially excited microstrip patch radiators with modified ground plane. A conducting strip with an integrated PIN diode is optimally placed midway between two MIMO patch radiators placed at a distance of 0.22 0 (0 is the free space wavelength at 2.4 GHz) apart. By switching the diode OFF or ON, the conducting strip directs or reflects the main beam of the two MIMO elements at an angle of ±30 • or ±60 • , respectively, thereby, enabling 30 • wide band scanning and four switchable beams radiated by the two antennas. The novel MIMO antenna exhibits 17 dB isolation improvement between the two radiators when the diode is switched ON as a result of the beam deflection. For all switching modes, the MIMO antenna demonstrates an average gain and efficiency of 5 dB and 92%, respectively, at the resonance frequency of 2.4 GHz. The novel antenna is fabricated and measured to verify the simulation results. This simple, low-cost, efficient, and mutually isolated antenna array can be very useful in MIMO WLAN applications. K E Y W O R D S antenna, envelope correlation coefficient, mutual coupling reduction 1 INTRODUCTION Antenna engineers have been exploring multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology recently due to their inherent advantages such as increasing signal-to noise-ratio, spectrum efficiency and channel capacity, especially in a multipath environment. 1-3 Also, because of the emerging handheld nature of smart devices, patch antennas have been commonly used in MIMO antennas due to their simplicity, flexibility and low cost. However, MIMO patch antennas usually suffer from mutual coupling because of the undesired surface waves radiating inside the substrate, space waves transmitted among individual elements of the array, as well as the surface waves propagating through the ground plane. 4 This coupling This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Pattern reconfigurable ESPAR antenna for vehicle‐to‐vehicle communications

Cited by 26 publications

References 15 publications

A Novel 2.4-GHz Low-Profile Smart MIMO Antenna with Reconfigurable Frequency-Selective Reflectors

A Novel 2.4-GHz Low-Profile Smart MIMO Antenna with Reconfigurable Frequency-Selective Reflectors

An Integrated Shark-Fin Reconfigurable Antenna for V2x Communications

Multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna with pattern reconfiguration and correlation reduction for WLAN applications

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