Patterned and switchable surfaces for biomolecular manipulation

Hook, Andrew L.; Voelcker, Nicolas H.; Thissen, Helmut

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2009.03.040

Cited by 88 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Here, grafting of polymers from the surface of the fiber is preferred due to the fact that grafting densities can be modulated and hence more effective control over biointerfacial interactions can be achieved [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface grafting of electrospun fibers using ATRP and RAFT for the control of biointerfacial interactions

et al. 2013

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Background The ability to present signalling molecules within a low fouling 3D environment that mimics the extracellular matrix is an important goal for a range of biomedical applications, both in vitro and in vivo. Cell responses can be triggered by non-specific protein interactions occurring on the surface of a biomaterial, which is an undesirable process when studying specific receptor-ligand interactions. It is therefore useful to present specific ligands of interest to cell surface receptors in a 3D environment that minimizes non-specific interactions with biomolecules, such as proteins. Method In this study, surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) of poly(ethylene glycol)-based monomers was carried out from the surface of electrospun fibers composed of a styrene/vinylbenzyl chloride copolymer. Surface initiated radical addition-fragmentation chain transfer (SI-RAFT) polymerisation was also carried out to generate bottle brush copolymer coatings consisting of poly(acrylic acid) and poly(acrylamide). These were grown from surface trithiocarbonate groups generated from the chloromethyl styrene moieties existing in the original synthesised polymer. XPS was used to characterise the surface composition of the fibers after grafting and after coupling with fluorine functional XPS labels. Results Bottle brush type coatings were able to be produced by ATRP which consisted of poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate and a terminal alkyne-functionalised monomer. The ATRP coatings showed reduced non-specific protein adsorption, as a result of effective PEG incorporation and pendant alkynes groups existing as part of the brushes allowed for further conjugation of via azide-alkyne Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. In the case of RAFT, carboxylic acid moieties were effectively coupled to an amine label via amide bond formation. In each case XPS analysis demonstrated that covalent immobilisation had effectively taken place. Conclusion Overall, the studies presented an effective platform for the preparation of 3D scaffolds which contain effective conjugation sites for attachment of specific bioactive signals of interest, as well as actively reducing non-specific protein interactions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface grafting of electrospun fibers using ATRP and RAFT for the control of biointerfacial interactions

et al. 2013

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“…Microarrays can be formed using a variety of different techniques including photolithography, softlithography, microfluidics, nanolithography, contact printing and ink-jet printing [33,34]. Of these approaches, the best suited for the production of vast arrays of varied materials are the direct writing methods, where a print head comprising a nozzle or tip to spatially deliver molecules or using a beam of photons or high energy particles to initiate synthesis is used rather than the masking approach described previously for sputtering of materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High throughput methods applied in biomaterial development and discovery

et al. 2010

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The high throughput discovery of new materials can be achieved by rapidly screening many different materials synthesised by a combinatorial approach to identify the optimal material that fulfils a particular biomedical application. Here we review the literature in this area and conclude that for polymers, this process is best achieved in a microarray format, which enable thousands of cell-material interactions to be monitored on a single chip. Polymer microarrays can be formed by printing pre-synthesised polymers or by printing monomers onto the chip where on-slide polymerisation is initiated.The surface properties of the material can be analysed and correlated to the biological performance using high throughput surface analysis, including time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. This approach enables the surface properties responsible for the success of a material to be understood, which in turn provides the foundations of future material design. The high throughput discovery of materials using polymer microarrays has been explored for many cell-based applications including the isolation of specific 2 cells from heterogeneous populations, the attachment and differentiation of stem cells and the controlled transfection of cells.Further development of polymerisation techniques and high throughput biological assays amenable to the polymer microarray format will broaden the combinatorial space and biological phenomenon that polymer microarrays can explore, and increase their efficacy. This will, in turn, result in the discovery of optimised polymeric materials for many biomaterial applications.

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“…These applications comprise, but are not restricted to: the pattering of complex geometries with liquids [10,11], the separation of oil from water [12], anti-biofouling coatings [13,14], controlling the adhesion of proteins or bacteria on a surface [15][16][17][18], guiding the aggregation of primary neurons into three-dimensional architectures [19], imaging DNA fibers and gaining exclusive information of the double helix [20] and advances in the very large area of cell microarray technology [21]. Perhaps more important than all this, SHSs can be utilized for efficiently delivering molecules in femto-/atto-molar solutions to a nanoscale plasmonic sensor [7,8,[22][23][24], thus bypassing the diffusion limit.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Five Ws (and one H) of Super-Hydrophobic Surfaces in Medicine

et al. 2014

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Super-hydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) are bio-inspired, artificial microfabricated interfaces, in which a pattern of cylindrical micropillars is modified to incorporate details at the nanoscale. For those systems, the integration of different scales translates into superior properties, including the ability of manipulating biological solutions. The five Ws, five Ws and one H or the six Ws (6W), are questions, whose answers are considered basic in information-gathering. They constitute a formula for getting the complete story on a subject. According to the principle of the six Ws, a report can only be considered complete if it answers these questions starting with an interrogative word: who, why, what, where, when, how. Each question should have a factual answer. In what follows, SHSs and some of the most promising applications thereof are reviewed following the scheme of the 6W. We will show how these surfaces can be integrated into bio-photonic devices for the identification and detection of a single molecule. We will describe how SHSs and nanoporous silicon matrices can be combined to yield devices with the capability of harvesting small molecules, where the cut-off size can be adequately controlled. We will describe how this concept is utilized for obtaining a direct TEM image of a DNA molecule. OPEN ACCESSMicromachines 2014, 5 240

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Patterned and switchable surfaces for biomolecular manipulation

Cited by 88 publications

References 138 publications

Surface grafting of electrospun fibers using ATRP and RAFT for the control of biointerfacial interactions

Surface grafting of electrospun fibers using ATRP and RAFT for the control of biointerfacial interactions

High throughput methods applied in biomaterial development and discovery

The Five Ws (and one H) of Super-Hydrophobic Surfaces in Medicine

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